The history of the New Year tree presentation. How did the New Year tree appear? The history of the New Year tree. The New Year tree is an integral attribute of the New Year celebration in Russia. In most countries. Christmas tree …

The history of the New Year tree. Christmas tree an integral attribute of the New Year celebration in Russia. In most countries of the world, a tree is an attribute of the Christmas celebration (Christmas tree). The New Year tree is a coniferous tree. In Europe it is predominantly fir, while spruce or pine are alternatives in Russia, decorated with garlands, glass and plastic toys, candles and sweets.

A spruce tree is installed during the New Year holiday in houses or on the street. A Christmas or New Year tree is a form of display of one of the ancient symbols of humanity of the World Tree, the Cosmic Axis, especially common among the Indo-European peoples. Already in our era in Europe, they began to decorate the Christmas tree for Christmas: with apples, cookies, and lit candles.

There is a version that the first New Year tree was placed in the square of the city of Céleste in Alsace in 1521. First Christmas tree decoration The glass ball appeared in Saxony in the 16th century. In Russia it is a custom to celebrate New Year brought from Germany by Peter I; first in Russia new year holidays were arranged according to the royal decree, starting in 1700. The custom of celebrating Christmas with a Christmas tree was finally established in the middle of the 19th century.

In 1927, during the anti-religious campaign that began, Christmas ceases to be official holiday, and the Christmas tree was declared a “religious relic.” However, before the onset of 1936, on the initiative of Pavel Postyshev, the tree was again allowed as a New Year's tree.

Initially (according to the Christian legend of St. Boniface, who predicted that the “fir of Christianity” would grow on the roots of the felled oak of paganism), and in most cases at the present time, the Christmas tree in Europe is the fir. Spruce is the most similar substitute in the absence of a "real" tree. Spruce is rarely used for Christmas trees in the Western Hemisphere (the Americas have a predominantly Christian population and a widespread tradition of Christmas trees), where the "Christmas fir" is sometimes replaced by pine, which has longer needles and is "fluffier".

One of the main disadvantages of eating like holiday tree can be called rapid crumbling when drying, which is why it ceases to be a symbol of eternal life. Due to the unavailability of fir in central and western Russia, a similar spruce (in former times mainly European/Norwegian spruce, which is still the cheapest “Christmas tree”) has become almost the only tree at Christmas holidays.

On New Year's Day, the house was decorated with branches of plum, apple and cherry trees, which were placed in water in such a way that they would bloom for Christmas. Peter I made an attempt to instill in Russia, among other German customs, the decoration of houses spruce branches, but this was not successful. A public Christmas tree in the capital (St. Petersburg) was organized only in 1852. For comparison: in France in 1840, in England in 1841. This was due to the “import” of noble German brides (and grooms) from small German principalities, who upon arrival established their own rules at the European royal courts. (Material from Wikipedia)

The tradition of celebrating the New Year with a Christmas tree appeared in Russia, as already mentioned, under Peter I. On December 15, 1699, to the beat of drums, the royal clerk announced the will of the king to the people: that as a sign of a good beginning and the beginning of a new century, after thanking God and singing prayers in the church it was ordered “to make some decorations from trees and branches of pine, spruce and juniper along the large thoroughfares, and to noble people in front of the gates.

And for the poor people (i.e., the poor), at least put a tree or a branch over the gate. And so that it arrives by the 1st of 1700 of this year; and that decoration of January (i.e. January) should stand until the 7th day of the same year. On the first day, as a sign of joy, congratulate each other on the New Year, and do this when the fiery fun begins on Red Square and there is shooting.”

After the death of Peter I, they stopped putting up New Year trees. Only tavern owners decorated their houses with them, and these trees stood on taverns all year round This is where their name “tree-sticks” comes from. New Year's festivities and the tradition of putting up Christmas trees were revived under Catherine II. And they began to decorate Christmas trees only in the middle of the 19th century.

In the old days, the Christmas tree was decorated with various delicacies: nuts in bright wrappers, sweets and even vegetables. Wax candles burned on the branches, which then gave way to electric garlands. And shiny balls appeared relatively recently, about a hundred years ago.

Presentation for preschoolers 6 - 7 years old “What is New Year?

What is New Year?
It's the other way around:
Christmas trees are growing in the room,
Squirrels don’t gnaw cones,
Hares next to a wolf
On a prickly tree!
The rain is also not easy,
It's golden on New Year's Day,
It shines as much as it can,
Doesn't wet anyone
Even Santa Claus
No one's nose stings.
E. Mikhailova

Where did the custom of celebrating the New Year come from?
The history of this wonderful holiday dates back at least 25 centuries. This custom was first born in Mesopotamia (Mesopotamia). Here, as well as in the lower Nile valley, civilization was first born at the end of the 4th millennium BC. It was here, according to scientists, that the New Year began to be celebrated for the first time (in the third millennium).

Traditions of celebrating the New Year in Russia.
In the traditions of celebrating the New Year in Russia, such attributes as: a Christmas tree, New Year's table, Santa Claus, fireworks, mass celebrations.
On the night from December 31 to January 1, it is customary for every family to cover festive table. As a rule, there are invariably three components: Olivier salad, champagne and tangerines.
In Russia, it is customary to sit down at the festive table around 11 pm to “send off” the old year.
At approximately 23:55, the president of the country speaks on all central channels, he sums up some of the results of the outgoing year and wishes happiness and good luck to all residents of the country in the coming year. Then, at 23:55 on January 1, the chimes begin.
On this night you can meet people walking around the city dressed as Santa Claus. Another symbol of this holiday. Parents of children often order an artist in this image to come to their home for their beloved children.

New Year in Rus'.
In Rus', the New Year was celebrated on March 1. In the 14th century, the Moscow Church Council decided to consider September 1 as the beginning of the New Year according to the Greek calendar. In 1699, Peter I, returning from a trip to Europe, by a special decree, ordered that “from now on, summers should be counted” from January 1.

The history of the New Year tree.
Christmas tree is an essential attribute winter holidays- also arrived in Russia along with Peter’s reforms. However, the “stranger” who arrived, although not immediately, took root firmly in the Russian soil - as if she had always grown here: from the branches with which the houses were decorated, a luxurious tree in festive decoration grew.

The most important of the guests:
-Who's dressed up? warm fur coat,
With a long white beard,
Comes to visit on New Year's Day,
Both ruddy and gray-haired?
He plays with us, dances,
It makes the holiday more fun!
- Santa Claus on our Christmas tree
The most important of the guests!
I. Chernitskaya

The origin story of Santa Claus.
Santa Claus became who he is thanks to the existence of a very specific and living prototype. In the 4th century in Asia Minor, Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker lived and did good deeds. The figure of this completely reliable historical character gradually became overgrown with legends and fabulous details, as a result of which the new image- a kind grandfather who can make a child happy as soon as he turns to him with a request. In the old days, Santa Claus also brought rods along with gifts, entering the house with the words: “Are there obedient children in this house?” Nowadays, this unique element of education has almost disappeared, and every child, even the most cocky fidget, receives a treasured gift.

Snow Maiden.
At the Snow Maiden's in the morning
New Year's mountain of things to do:
Need snow fringe
She will decorate her native forest,
Bake a pie for the animals
And light the lanterns.
And then on holiday to the children
Fly in a golden carriage.


The origin story of the Snow Maiden.
Only our Father Frost has a granddaughter, Snegurochka, and she was born in Russia. The Snow Maiden is a literary character. She appeared in 1873 and at first was called not the granddaughter of Santa Claus, but a daughter. This happened thanks to Alexander Ostrovsky’s play “The Snow Maiden,” which he created based on folk tale about a girl sculpted from snow and melted by the warm rays of the sun. Later, writers and poets turned her into a granddaughter.
The image of the Snow Maiden is a symbol of frozen waters. This is a girl (not a girl) dressed only in white clothes. No other color is allowed in traditional symbolism. Her headdress is an eight-rayed crown embroidered with silver and pearls.

Riddles for children.
Christmas tree on New Year's holiday
Calls adults and children.
All people are invited
On New Year's... (round dance).

There is noise everywhere on this holiday!
An explosion followed by cheerful laughter!
Very noisy toy
New Year's... (cracker)

Santa Claus came to visit us
With a fragile, snow-white guest.
He called her daughter.
This girl... (Snow Maiden).

She sparkles in the sky
Decorates our Christmas tree.
Will never fade
On New Year's Day... (star).

We are not sad on New Year's Day,
We are sitting under the Christmas tree
And to each other with expression
We say... (congratulations).

Thank you for your attention!!!

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The New Year tree is an integral attribute of the Russian New Year celebration. In most countries of the world, a Christmas tree is an attribute of Christmas celebration. The New Year tree is a coniferous tree decorated with garlands, glass and plastic toys, candles and sweets. Installed during the New Year holiday in homes or on the street.

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A little bit of history The first Christmas tree was installed in Riga. Proof of this is evidenced by documents found in the Riga archives and the world's oldest Christmas tree decoration. The birth date of the Christmas tree can be considered 1510.

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Christmas tree...Christmas tree can also mean festive event- a concert (most often for children) at which the New Year is celebrated. With the entry into the era of television, the New Year tree began to be called some holiday television programs broadcast during the New Year celebration.

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A little bit of history For the first time, children's holidays with this name began to be held in the Kremlin on New Year's Day 1935. Initially, these holidays were held for a small circle of children. But over time, throughout Russia, on the eve of the New Year holiday and for some time after, many holiday concerts for children with the constant characters Father Frost and Snow Maiden.

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The custom of decorating the Christmas tree By the beginning of the 17th century, the custom of decorating the New Year tree had firmly become fashionable. In 1815, toys made of wood, tin and tin appeared on the forest beauty. Craftsmen gilded fir cones and covered empty egg shells with a thin layer of hammered brass. Fashion changed. Multi-colored lanterns and baskets began to be imported from the Asian hinterlands to Europe.

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The custom of decorating a Christmas tree But the imagination of German glassblowers was ahead of everyone: birds, Santa Clauses, jugs, cones, fragile amphorae and pipes... Women painted products with gold and silver dust. A bright Christmas tree, covered in toys, so popular before 1900, at the turn of the century began to be considered a sign of bad taste, it was replaced by a strict, stylish Christmas tree in silver-white tones.

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Interesting Facts An interesting fact is that Christmas tree decorations, history, politics and art are interconnected. You can “read” the history of the country from toys. To mark Pushkin's anniversary, sets of toys depicting characters from the poet's works were released. During the Great Patriotic War, the most popular toys there were paratroopers.

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Interesting facts During Stalin's time - Christmas tree hockey players and circus characters. In the era of Khrushchev - vegetables and fruits. In the 60s - watches, astronauts, corn, Cipollino. In the 80s - athletes.

The New Year tree is an attribute of the New Year celebration in Russia and in many countries around the world. New Year of Russia New Year of Russia The Christmas tree is an attribute of the Christmas celebration. The New Year tree is a coniferous tree decorated with garlands, glass and plastic toys, candles and sweets. Installed during the New Year holiday in homes or on the street. The Christmas tree is an attribute of the Christmas celebration. The New Year tree is a coniferous tree decorated with garlands, glass and plastic toys, candles and sweets. Installed during the New Year holiday in homes or on the street. Christmas

History o Christmas or New Year tree is a form of display ancient symbol humanity of the World Tree, especially common among the Indo-European peoples. Already in our era in Europe, they began to decorate the Christmas tree for Christmas: with apples, cookies, and lit candles. World Tree of Indo-European World Tree of Indo-European

There is a version that the first New Year tree was placed in the square of the city of Céleste in Alsace in 1521. The first Christmas tree decoration, a glass ball, appeared in Saxony in the 16th century 1521 16th century 1521 16th century Peter I brought the custom of celebrating the New Year to Russia from Germany; The first New Year holidays in Russia were organized, according to the royal decree, in 1700. The custom of celebrating Christmas with a Christmas tree was finally established in the middle of the 19th century. The custom of celebrating the New Year was brought to Russia from Germany by Peter I; The first New Year holidays in Russia were organized, according to the royal decree, in 1700. The custom of celebrating Christmas with a Christmas tree was finally established in the middle of the 19th century. Peter I1700XIX century Peter I1700XIX century

The New Year tree also denotes the festive event at which the New Year is celebrated. For the first time, holidays for children in the Kremlin with this name began to be held during the reign of Stalin on New Year’s Day 1935, when the custom, previously persecuted by the Soviet authorities as “religious,” was officially restored. The New Year tree also denotes the festive event at which the New Year is celebrated. For the first time, holidays for children in the Kremlin with this name began to be held during the reign of Stalin on New Year’s Day 1935, when the custom, previously persecuted by the Soviet authorities as “religious,” was officially restored. Stalin, 1935 Stalin, 1935 Nowadays, the New Year tree is organized everywhere. Nowadays, the New Year tree is organized everywhere.

Some models unusual Christmas trees! Knitted Christmas tree Knitted Christmas tree A giant Christmas tree, 10 meters high, is made from several thousand knitted sweater sleeves. The top is topped with a knitted white angel. A giant 10-meter-tall Christmas tree is made from several thousand knitted sweater sleeves. The top is topped with a knitted white angel. About a thousand craftswomen in Great Britain aged from 4 to 96 years worked to create the Christmas tree. They sent their knitting to the charity's appeal. The tree helped raise several thousand dollars. About a thousand craftswomen in Great Britain aged from 4 to 96 years worked to create the Christmas tree. They sent their knitting to the charity's appeal. The tree helped raise several thousand dollars.

Mountain Dew Christmas tree Mountain Dew Christmas tree It took his fan three months to create a Christmas tree from cans of the drink. That's how much he had to drink soda to accumulate enough cans. Installation took four days. Mountain Dew's red and green signature color scheme perfectly matches the generally accepted New Year's colors, and the lights of the Christmas tree garland are perfectly reflected from the metal sides of empty containers. It took his fan three months to create a Christmas tree from cans of the drink. That's how much he had to drink soda to accumulate enough cans. Installation took four days. Mountain Dew's red and green signature color scheme perfectly matches the generally accepted New Year's colors, and the lights of the Christmas tree garland are perfectly reflected from the metal sides of empty containers.

O Pumpkin tree o The attraction at Tokyo Disneyland is based on the cartoon “The Nightmare Before Christmas”. We created a tree of pumpkins with faces that are an indispensable attribute of Halloween. In this way, two holidays were mixed, and the “Christmas tree” turned out to be memorable.

Topic: History of the New Year holiday.

This event can be held as Classroom hour, so extracurricular activity with students primary school.
Goals: Introduce children to the history of the New Year holiday.
Develop students' curiosity.
Equipment: Power Point presentation, New Year's songs.
Progress of the lesson:

1. Organizational moment.

I have gifts in my bag,
Caramels, chocolates.
Round dance around the tree,
What kind of holiday? …(New Year) (3 slide)
- Guys, how many of you know whether our country has always celebrated the New Year on January 1?
- The beginning of the year on January 1 was established by the Roman ruler Julius Caesar in 46 BC. e. (4 slide)
- This day was dedicated to Janus - the god of choice, doors and all beginnings. The month of January got its name in honor of the god Janus, who was depicted with two faces: one looking forward and the other looking back. (5 slide)
Gregorian calendar
- Most countries celebrate the New Year on January 1, the first day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. (6 slide)
- The traditional Chinese New Year is timed to coincide with the winter new moon at the end of the full lunar cycle, which took place after winter solstice(that is, on the second new moon after December 21). In the Gregorian calendar, this corresponds to one of the days between January 21 and February 21.
- Until the 15th century in Rus', the new year began not in January, as now, but in March (as in republican Ancient Rome) on the day of the vernal equinox, March 20 or 21 (depending on the year). Since the 15th century, the new year began on September 1. (7 slide)
- Each year corresponds to a specific animal. The 12-year cycle begins with the year of the Rat, then comes the year of the Ox, then the Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Goat, Monkey, Rooster, Dog and Boar. (8 slide)
- Since 1700, by decree of Peter I, the New Year in Russia is celebrated, as in other European countries, on January 1 (according to the Julian calendar). (9 slide)
- New Year's Eve is a very significant holiday. And it is accompanied by a variety of pop events, feasts, and folk festivities. (10 slide)
Christmas tree.
- Guess the next riddle.
All dressed up in toys,
All covered in garlands and firecrackers.
Of course, this is... (Yolka) (11 slide)
- New Year's Eve is a very significant holiday in many countries. And it is accompanied by a variety of pop events, feasts, and folk festivities. According to tradition, a New Year tree is installed in the house.
- What toys decorate the Christmas tree? (12 slide)
New Year's table.
- When celebrating the New Year, close people gather at the table. (13-14 slides)
- At 0 o'clock 0 minutes on January 1, the chimes strike. (15 slides)
- Let's listen to the chimes strike.
- With the first chime, marking the arrival of the new year, it is customary to clink glasses of champagne and make a wish. (16 slide)
- What gifts would you like to receive for the New Year? On New Year's Day it is customary to give gifts. (17 slide)
Father Frost.
Happy New Year,
All boys and girls.
And he gives us gifts,
There they are: standing in a bag.
He is kind and bearded,
Red nose from frost.
Who is he, tell me children,
Loudly, together: (Santa Claus) (18 slide)
- Santa Claus is a fairy-tale character from East Slavic folklore. In Slavic mythology - the personification of winter frosts, a blacksmith who binds water.
- On New Year's Day, Santa Claus comes and gives children gifts, which he brings in a sack behind his back. Often depicted in a blue, silver or red fur coat embroidered with patterns, wearing a hat (not a cap), with a long white beard and a staff in his hand, wearing felt boots. He rides three horses, skis or walks. (19 slide)
- The very first Santa Claus was St. Nicholas. When leaving, he left the poor family who sheltered him golden apples in a shoe in front of the fireplace. (20 slide)
- Santa Claus has a granddaughter - Snegurochka (21 slides)
Pyrotechnics.
- When celebrating the New Year, a variety of pyrotechnic products are actively used: firecrackers, sparklers and, in the last decade, fireworks, rockets, Roman candles, firecrackers large and small, etc. Currently, many capitals of the world or even individual countries spend millions of dollars to arrange a pyrotechnic show for the New Year. (22 slide)
Traditions in different countries of the world.(23 slide)
- In England, in addition to the Christmas tree, the house is decorated with mistletoe branches. There are even mistletoe bouquets on lamps and chandeliers. And according to custom, you can kiss a person standing in the middle of the room under a bunch of mistletoe. (24 slide)
- In Italy, on New Year's Eve it is customary to get rid of old things. (25 slide)
- In Sweden, before the New Year, children choose Lucia, the queen of light. She is dressed up in White dress, a crown with lit candles is put on the head. Lucia brings gifts for children and treats for pets: cream for the cat, a sugar bone for the dog, and carrots for the donkey. (26 slide)
- In France, Santa Claus - Père Noel - comes to New Year's Eve and leaves gifts in children's shoes. The one who gets the bean baked into the New Year's pie receives the title of "bean king", and on the festive night everyone obeys his orders. Wooden or clay figurines - santons - are placed near the Christmas tree. (27 slide)
- In Mexico, the New Year is celebrated with the fire of festive fireworks, firing from rocket launchers, and the ringing of special New Year's bells. And children are given delicious gingerbread dolls at midnight. (28 slide)
- In Japan, bells are rung 108 times on New Year's Eve. Each strike of the bell corresponds to one of the vices. There are six of them in total: greed, stupidity, anger, frivolity, indecision and envy, but each vice has 18 different shades, which makes a total of 108. (29 slide)
- In Spain it is customary to eat 12 grapes at midnight. (30 slide)
Old New Year.(31 slides)
- Old New Year is a holiday celebrated in accordance with the New Year according to the Julian calendar (now on the night of January 13-14). Celebrated in Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, Serbia, Switzerland and some other countries.

4. Summing up.

Now let's check how well you listened today.
Crossword.(32 slide)
1. What is Santa Claus called in France?
2. Who issued the order to celebrate the New Year in 1700?
3. On the night of January 13-14, what holiday is celebrated?
4. Who set the beginning of the year on January 1?
5. “The end of the year and the beginning of winter!”
- That's how they asked me the riddle.
6. Granddaughter of Santa Claus?
7. In which country is it customary to eat 12 grapes at midnight?
8. In which country do children receive delicious gingerbread dolls on New Year’s Day?
Reflection.
Song " New Year's toys"(author Alexander Metzger) (slide 33)

Presentation on the topic: History of the New Year holiday