Interesting facts about pension systems in different countries of the world. Interesting Facts and Useful Tips Uniqueness Pension System

There are three types of pensions and different methods Registration:

• Social pension. In order to get such a pension, it is necessary to make regular contributions of 15% of wages Over the past ten years.


• Corporate pension. A prerequisite for obtaining such a pension is to work in the company for five to six years and perform regular fixed contributions (the maximum amount of deductions is 18,000 dollars / year).


• And the most common way to ensure carefree old age is to make regular non-fixed contributions whose amounts you determine ourselves.

Making a characteristic pension system The United States should talk about the total amount of pension assets, which in 2015 amounted to 24 trillion dollars. An impressive digit, isn't it?! The peculiarity of this system is that these accumulations are not going to pay retirees, but are invested in financial instruments, including shares. This investment ensures the growth of the country's economy and thereby ensures a worthy old age to today's payers.

Not only government agencies, but also private funds and social protection management are engaged in the US Pension Policy Department in the United States.

2. Israel

The average pension is 1,500 dollars (subject to the deduction of a fixed amount for 30 years)

The percentage of investments in its old age depends on the Sumy of the desired pension:

• to obtain $ 370 / month, it is necessary to list from 6.95% to 18.5% of the salary to the National Insurance Office;


• in order to issue a pension of 700 dollars / month,


• you undertake to make deductions to pension funds for at least ten years.

Uniqueness of the system

According to 2016 data, the volume pension savings It is 170 billion dollars. The main feature of the pension system is the presence of several types of pension funds. In the early 1990s, the number of depositors began to increase rapidly, which provoked the formation of a deficit. To resolve the current situation, the authorities took up the sanation of funds, and their depositors raised the retirement age up to 64-67 years. But it was possible to fully solve the problem only in the 2000s in the emergence of new commercial pension funds, contributions to which can be performed both employees and companies. The average monthly contribution size is 11% of wages.

3. Great Britain

Retirement age - 60-65 years old

The average pension size is 1,590 pounds per month (about 2,000 dollars)

There are two types of pensions in the UK and, accordingly, two ways to receive them:

• State pension. For registration of a similar type of pension, it is necessary to list a fixed amount per month into a pension fund for at least ten years.


• Non-state pension type. If you want to get this type of pension, you need to save money on your own retirement account. The peculiarity of this type is that you independently choose the size of the future pension.

Uniqueness of the pension system

If we talk about the peculiarities of the Pension System of the UK, it is worth noting the fact of changes in the rules of the accrual of pensions. Changes concern the newly-made pensioners who received this status after April 6 current year. Now they have the right to receive only one pension from the state - a maximum of 155.65 pounds per week. The average size state pension will be 130 pounds per week. But for those who have already received a pension for those who have already received the opportunity to receive a basic pension from the state in the amount of a maximum of 119.3 pounds per week, as well as an additional pension, if they expelled money over this on the State Earnings Related Pension Scheme system (maximum 160 pounds per week).

The newly minted pensioners of Great Britain is worth tieting the belt at most, as they will not be able to receive a big pension, unlike their predecessors, whose income exceeded the average salary of the working British.

4. France

Pension age - 60-62 years

Middle pension size - 1 000 euro / month

Methods for obtaining a pension:

• Make monthly contributions to pension Fund In the amount of 16.35% of income.


• If you want to get an increase in the basic pension, you need to list a fixed amount monthly into the ARRCO and AGIRC insurance regulations for special bonus balls.

Uniqueness of the pension system

All citizens of the country who have reached the retirement age have the right to receive a pension in France, but it is necessary to have experience more than 40 years. If the experience is missing, the French receive solidarity pension. Usually, the pension is calculated on the basis of payments to the Pension Fund and points scored at the expense of additional contributions to special insurance boxes.

5. China

Pension age - 50-60 years

The average pension is 1,000 yuan (about 150 dollars)

The Chinese retirement system offers two ways to make a pension:

• work in the public service for at least 15 years;


• make monthly contributions to the pension fund in the amount of 11% of the salary.

Uniqueness of the pension system

If we talk about the Chinese pension system, it is necessary to recall that only civil servants with work experience had the right to design a pension. But the negative trend forced the Chinese authorities to revise their system and expand its action and on the workers. To date, more than half of the retirees receive a pension in China. The amount of payments depends on the salary and place of residence: the townspeople get more than residents of the countryside.

1. Rich pay for pension less

This is really few people remember when it comes to pensions. From an ordinary employee, his employer deducts 22% to the Pension Fund. But only until its total salary from the beginning of the year will exceed 1,021,000 rubles (each year the threshold increases). If the salary becomes higher, then the deductions are reduced to 10%. Thus, our pension system is regressive, and those who receive salary above 85 thousand rubles per month pay in the end.

2. In fact, in the pension account of Russians money is not lying

Every month, we are deducted to the Pension Fund. On his site, you can go to the appropriate section, and see how much money is already paid, how many points are accumulated, and what a pension will be. We have a kind of illusion of the deposit. Allegedly, all the money is in one place and at one time will gradually be paid to us.

But money is only taken into account on an individual account of a citizen. In fact, they are fully spent on current payments. This is rather conditional obligations of the state than real means. Previously, the accumulative part of the pension could lie - 6% of the deductions, but it was frozen and still they would not disappear, so it also goes to pay the living retirees. By the way, under the law cumulative part Pensions could be even inherited. But it was in theory, and before practice, so it did not come.

3. You can buy pension points, but it is expensive

Every year the requirements for points and the experience needed for pension is increasing. If in 2017 insurance pension Appointed those who had at least 8 years and 11.4 pension points, then in 2018 this threshold has grown up to 9 years and 13.8 points and will grow further until it reaches 15 years and 30 points. Thus, soon many have the need to either buy pension points, or continue to work 5 years before the appointment of a social pension.

Paragraph 5 of Article 29 of the Law 167-FZ established the minimum and maximum amount of insurance premiums paid by individuals voluntarily entered into legal relations on the OPS.

The minimum amount of insurance premiums is defined as a product of two-time minimum wage, established at the beginning of the year, for which insurance premiums and facility facilities are paid in the FIU, increased by 12 times.

In 2018, 59.2 thousand rubles will be minimally. Having spent this amount, you can buy 2 pension points. This is beneficial to use only in one case. If the right to retire is not enough a little bit. But to buy points to increase the pension already paid is not the best solution. Two points - this is in 2018 an increase in monthly pension Only in the amount of 162.98 rubles. Thus, spending 59.2 thousand rubles for points, for 12 months we will get in the form of an allowance for pension only 1,955 rubles. Such "investments" only in 30 years will pay.

4. To earn pension points, most profitable - give birth

In some cases, you can get pension points without working. For example, 1.8 points per year is charged by the military and the same amount for disabled care. But the most profitable option is to give a lot. When leaving for its first child, 1.8 points per year is accrued. When leaving for the second child - 3.6 points per year. When leaving for 3 and 4th child - 5.4 points per year.

With the current system, to earn one pension score, you need to receive a monthly white salary in one minimum wagon within one year. So you yourself imagine how much it is more compared to the usual deductions of citizens.

5. If a person worked abroad for a long time, he may not receive a pension

In order for pension points to be formed and the pension was subsequently paid, payments to the Russian Pension Fund are needed. And exclusively there. Even if a person honestly worked not one year abroad, he will not receive any pension points in Russia, because did not do at that moment of deductions to our FIU. An exception is possible only if the person himself voluntarily rescued pension points, that is, did the deductions on his own. But that few people use. Naturally, if a person worked for a long time in Russia, sufficient to receive all points and experience, and only then went abroad, russian pension He will have. Although there was not so long ago a bill, where it was proposed to cancel them.

There is a small plus only for those who worked in the former Soviet republics. Periods of work in states before the collapse of the USSR (until 01/01/1991) are counted in the general seniority According to the same rules as work in the Russian Federation.
But the solution of the question of inclusion in the overall work experience of periods after 01.01.1991 depends on whether the Agreement on the guarantees of the rights of citizens of the Commonwealth of Independent States in the region concluded pension provision from 03/13/1992 or bilateral pension agreement agreements.

When we are young, it seems to us that the words pension and old age will never touch us that this is something far, somewhere there, very far. It will be when "we will not be"! But the person was created so that he always wants to live. And for life needed good conditionsMoreover, retirees, after all, I still want to dwell to live "your sunset" and put a beautiful point!

For many, pension is a long-awaited way out of a well-deserved rest. Children increased by this time, loans were repaid, thoughts in the head, finally, rose to their places. Discounts in each country are different, taking into account the pension system, mentality and standard of living.
Consider how pensioners live in different countries World.

USA

USA. In the elderly in the US, the amount of pension is about $ 1164. Women retire at 65 years old, men in 67. It is very difficult for a particular amount of pension in the "states", since it depends on the merit of a person before the state. Pension is calculated taking into account how many days a person worked on the country. Such a system has been introduced specifically, as there are many emigrants in America. Therefore, depending on fate, the elderly people live very differently, alone is sides, and others have to even work out. But since the elderly, the elderly part of the US citizens does not occupy, then the opportunity to work, they perceive as a chance to stay afloat and go into society. Moreover, grandparents in America are not made around the clock to sit with grandchildren, and they have a lot of free time, for themselves. Pensioners here have an active life position, they attend many events that come to their own cars.

For positive "old people" there are many special communities in interest. For example, "Educational Society for those for those for 55+", "Athlete Association of Old Times", "Union of Players in Games on fresh air" More elderly people often can be seen in the ranks of volunteers. With retirement, life just begins, the elderly attend courses and creativity houses created specifically for them. Take part in talent contests!
An important part of the life of pensioners is the Church, which they play the role of "meeting place", where they are going to talk.

Schedule of all events Elderly people can look in special newspapers, in addition, they can find a lot of information relevant for a given contingent. In the US, there are a number of special discounts for the elderly. And for pensioners who themselves cannot serve non-governmental organizations that help those who need to overcome the difficulties in everyday life. The "American Dream" of the elderly in the United States is on the slope of the years to live in Florida, and many of the pensioners carry out their dream.

Pensioners in Germany

Central pension 810 €. Retirement is 65 years old. The pension is accrued not only taking into account the experience of the work, the age, the number of years of study and the army service, the presence of children is also taken into account. In Germany, most of the population are people over 65. So this country is "rich" with its pensioners, which are as active and optimistic, as well as American, well, moreover, even economical and is over.

German pensioners are interested in other countries, love to travel and most of them are a couple of times a year. Being economical, they do not bend cheap tours to Egypt and Turkey.
In Germany, it is not customary to take care of their elderly parents, so there are many special homes for them. But it is worth noting that there are excellent conditions in German nursing homes, and there people do not live their lives, and truly live. But so far the Germans themselves can lead an active lifestyle, they are engaged in a mass of interesting activities: dancing, music, needlework.

Finland

Finnish pensioners receive middle pension About 1344 €. We retire at 65 years.
Finnish pensioners are not lagging behind in their activity from the pensioners described above. They also have a hobby after retirement, and are actively using great benefits for various events and public transport. Pensioners here can be found in a cafe, cinema, gym! Finnish old men, like German, love to travel. All pensioners get here labor pensionIf it, for some reason, is very low, then the pensioner is paid folk pension. Here you can read more about the social guarantees of pensioners in Finland http://life-in-finland.ru/7-2/kela/pencingEram.html.

Spain

Spain, a favorite place of rest for pensioners from all over Europe. Based on the fact that from all European countries here is the longest life expectancy, we can conclude that Spanish pensioners live well.

The average pension in Spain is 850-900 €. This is less than in other European countries, but on such a life, like the heroes of the Romanov, remark, it is enough. Spanish pensioners love fashionable in the morning. In the morning, go to your favorite cafe in the morning, then walk in the park with your favorite dog and be sure to discuss all events and news.
They treat pensioners in Spain for free, basic medicines they buy with a discount of 90%, minor - with a discount of 60%. In Spain, there are also benefits for pensioners for public transport. Spain is a favorite place of pensioners from Scandinavia and Germany, coming here with their highest pensions, they feel rich.

Israel

The average pension in Israel is $ 1354. Men retire at 67 years old, women in 65.
In addition to the state pension fund, which exists only nominally, the fundamental social insurance fund works in the country, and all retirees receive old-age benefits. The state helps retirees only if the amount of the pension is lower than the subsistence minimum.

Pensioners of Israel have a number of benefits. When a person retires, he receives a cash remuneration equal to the average salary multiplied by the number of spent years. Many pensioners in Israel seek to work, despite the fact that employers prefer young personnel and express discontent about the increase in retirement age.

Japan

Japan, the country of long-livers, lives here the healthiest pensioners, some of them more than 100 years old. The retirement age in Japan is 65 years old. In addition to the circles in interest and various events, the Japanese pay great attention to physical activity. Together with friends attend various sports sections, swimming pools, gyms. Arrange special hiking hikes.
However, unfortunately, not all Japanese pensioners have the opportunity to enjoy life.

The Japanese pension system is so imperfect that literally the 5th part of the pensioners lives below the poverty line. Some of them do not even have a roof over their heads and live only at the expense of special organizations. A third of suicides in Japan (Japan - the leader in the number of suicides) falls on people of old age. To feed yourself, many older Japanese go to work, as a rule, in the agricultural sphere or in the service sector.

How pensioners live - it is extremely important. After all, a person at sunset life wants to live, and not exist. The higher the level of the culture of society, the happier pensioners. Good relationship To the elderly, this is a relationship to those who need disinterested care, which is not possible any society.

Who said that age is a hindrance for the implementation of a dream? In the end, this is just the number of years of the years, which should not interfere with doing what you love. Life is too short to sit back. These elderly, both men and women, have proven that at their age it is possible to get a diploma, and Everest to conquer, and the ocean is twisted, and make many other amazing things.

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1. Kenya Kimani Maruga became the most elderly schoolboy in the world - the man went to grade 1 at the age of 84. Unfortunately, he did not live two years before receiving a primary education certificate.

2. Doris Self - the most elderly gamer. In its 81, she can lure the nose to any young lover of computer games.

3. MAK KIT is the oldest jumper on the elastic cable. The 96-year-old Mor made a jump from Western Cape, after which he got into the Guinness Book of Records.

4. Dorothy Davenkill Hirsch conquered the North Pole at the age of 89.

5. Simon Murray independently reached the Southern Pole without any help aged 64 years.

6. Minouro Saito is the oldest traveler around the world, rebuilt the globe in the eighth time aged 77 years.

7. SMOKOV Dawson, Australian Country Musician, published his new album "My dream house" aged 92 years.

8. Leila Domank - the oldest practicing doctor - retired at the age of 103.

9. Carmela Bowox - the most elderly womanwho gave birth to twins. The woman fulfilled her dream of 67 years old, but unfortunately, she died two years later.

10. Gladis Burill hit the Guinness Book as older woman, running the marathon. At that time she was 92 years old.

11. Vince McMahon is the oldest champion of wrestling. Won WWE championships at the age of 54.

12. Tamai Watanaba is the most elderly woman who conquered Everest. She visited his top aged 73 years.

13. Yukira Miura is the oldest man who conquered Everest. At that time he was 80 years old.

14. Karch Kirali - the oldest player in the beach volleyball. At the age of 44, won the World Cup.

15. Dicambe Mometbo - was the most age-related NBA leader in support. The athlete finished his basketball career after knee injury in 2009, when he was already 42 years old.

16. Gordy Hou - the oldest NHL player, which lasted in the league of the whole 5 decades, retired at the age of 52.

17. Bart Bratko is the oldest pilot instructor in the world. He continues to lead the flights, despite the fact that he is already 81 years old.

18. Dr. Heinz Wenderota is the oldest person who received a doctoral degree. At the time of her assignment, Professor was 97 years old.