The rings in the well have shifted what to do. Have the top two rings moved? What are the features of cleaning the Abyssinian well

The presence of its own well on the site gives the homeowner the opportunity to receive clean water in the required volume, regardless of the central city water supply. The maintenance of the well involves its periodic maintenance and repair, which we will discuss in this article.

You will learn how wells are repaired, cleaned and deepened. A list of works on servicing drinking and sewer wells will be considered, as well as step-by-step instruction for their implementation.

1 Classification of repair work

The service life of a drinking well is directly affected by such factors as the quality of the building materials used and compliance with the requirements of construction technology. Also important factors determining the durability of the source are the type of soil and its mobility, in the presence of which even a structure, equipped in strict accordance with the technology, can be deformed and become unusable.

Repair of wells can be divided into two types - planned and capital. The purpose of scheduled maintenance is to maintain the required water quality (cleaning) as well as repair minor damage to the structure. Planned maintenance cannot be neglected, since no serious breakdown can happen by chance - it will be preceded by small cumulative malfunctions, eliminating which you will lose major problems in the future.

Planned well repair consists of the following operations:

• cleaning the walls of concrete rings from formations and growths;
• cleaning the bottom filter, if necessary - its complete replacement;
• sealing cracks on the walls with mortar;
• water disinfection.

The need for overhaul most often arises when the source is exposed to external factors. The list of works of this group includes:

• elimination of displacement rings;
• replacement of a damaged head;
• rigid fixation of the rings among themselves;
• deepening of the bottom (the need for which arises when the flow rate of the source is reduced).

Wells of sewerage and water supply systems, depending on the materials of manufacture, are divided into plastic and reinforced concrete. Plastic structures practically do not need to be repaired, since they have a monolithic shaft, which is not subject to displacement of individual elements, and plaque does not form on its walls. Repair of a well made of concrete rings is more variable, since problems with prefabricated structures can arise an order of magnitude more. Consider ways to eliminate the main ones.

1.1 Sealing joints between rings

Depressurization of the joints between the rings is the most common problem in precast concrete shafts. The reason for the formation of cracks at the joints is seasonal heaving and soil shifts that occur during freezing and thawing of the soil.

Repair of joints is quite simple, and you can do it yourself even without prior experience in such work. Cracks are sealed with a mixture of M300-M400 cement and PVA glue. If the financial issue is secondary, then you can use ready-made store mixes. From the tools you will need a spatula, trowel, hammer and a metal brush.

Before embedding, it is necessary to remove crumbling concrete particles from the crack, this can be done by tapping it with a hammer. Next, the damaged area is cleaned with a metal clear, the crack is filled with a solution of glue and cement with a spatula, and the putty is leveled with a spatula.

If a large crack is found through which groundwater enters the well, it will be necessary to use special fast-hardening cement to prepare the putty mixture. At the same time, a sand-cement mortar is usually needed here, and not a mixture based on sand. After hardening, the closed crack can be additionally treated with a penetrating waterproofing.

1.2 Alignment of misaligned rings

Displaced rings are a rather serious problem, the repair of which cannot be done by one's own hands. Here it will be necessary to disassemble the entire well shaft over the deformed area, which is impossible without the involvement of lifting equipment.

In most cases, the displacement also occurs due to ground shifts, the situation can be further aggravated by a high GWL (groundwater level), which washes away the soil in contact with the rings. It should be noted that shafts of wells, in which the elements do not have a rigid fixation between themselves, are most often subjected to displacement. Also, the high-risk group includes wells without sprinkling the mine with a sand and gravel layer.

Repair algorithm in this case consists in the sequential dismantling of all rings above the place of displacement, their re-installation with rigid fixation with steel brackets. In particularly mobile soil, it is necessary to dig a shaft and cover it with a layer of crushed stone 20 cm thick around it.

1.3 Deepening the well

Most often, it is necessary to deepen wells, during the arrangement of which the depth of the source was incorrectly calculated. The reason may also be a decrease in the level of the aquifer, due to which the water in the well may completely disappear.

The deepening of the shaft is carried out using special repair rings with a smaller diameter than the main part of the structure. Initially, with the help of pumps, the source is drained and cleaned of silt, which makes it possible to work on its bottom. Further, the required number of rings is lowered to the bottom of the shaft and stacked on top of each other, after which standard deepening work is carried out - soil is sequentially dug out from under the rings, as a result of which they sink under their own weight.

You should not try to make a deepening of an existing mine by digging the soil under it, since the old rings were tightly clamped by the ground during operation, and their digging can cause deformation of the entire structure.

1.4 Repair and waterproofing of a well from rings (video)

2 Replacing the manhole of the sewer well

The repair of sewer wells from concrete rings practically does not differ from the technology we have considered for eliminating defects in water sources, since the design of their shafts is largely identical. Separately, it is worth considering only the installation of a sewer hatch, which is installed on inspection and revision wells.

The upper part of the sewer manhole consists of a floor slab, a concrete neck and a manhole, which can be removable (fixed with screws) or hinged (mounted on hinges).

AT recent times The use of plastic manholes, which are more resistant to corrosion and less attractive to scrap collectors than metal manholes, is spreading. It is the technology of installing a plastic hatch that we will consider:

1. A floor slab is mounted on the upper ring of the shaft using crane technology.
2. On the opening of the ceiling, with the help of a sand-cement mortar, the mouth of the well is fixed, which is supplied with the hatch. The neck around the circumference must be evenly covered with mortar to the entire height, leveling it with a trowel.
3. A plastic hatch is mounted in the mounting grooves on the neck and tightened with screws.

If the shaft ceiling has already been installed, and you are only changing the old metal hatch, you will not need to involve crane equipment, since plastic hatches are lightweight and you can install them yourself without any problems.

2.1 What are the features of cleaning the Abyssinian well?

The Abyssinian well, also known as a well-needle, is a perforated plastic pipe (diameter up to 70 mm) with a cone-shaped tip, buried 10-15 meters deep into the ground. Water is taken from such a source using surface-type pumps, since the insufficient diameter of the pipe does not allow the use of submersible units.

During the operation of the Abyssinian well, the source located in the sandy aquifer becomes clogged with silt, which leads to a decrease in its flow rate and a deterioration in water quality. Most effective way cleaning the Abyssinian source is pumping it with a drainage pump.

The need to use a drainage pump is determined by the possibility of such equipment to work with heavily polluted water. The cleaning technology is quite simple - a suction hose is lowered into the casing pipe and the sludge accumulated in it is pumped out. Remember to prepare a reservoir for the dirt that the pump will pull out, as there will be a lot of it.

After removing the sludge from the pipe, it is necessary to start cleaning the filter section of the Abyssinian well, which can be clogged with soil. Here you will need special equipment - an airlift, which can be replaced with a powerful air compressor. The essence of the technology is to supply a high-pressure air flow (10-15 bar) inside the well, due to which sand and silt will be pushed out of the filter holes.

Widespread in our country, wells made of reinforced concrete rings have one significant drawback. The lack of rigid adhesion between adjacent structural elements, uneven edges and the tendency of concrete to crack result in a serious problem - the penetration of groundwater into the well shaft, the so-called perch. To prevent contamination of the source, it is necessary not only to properly seal the seams between the rings, but also to revise and repair defective areas.

Causes of leaks

The technology of building wells with shafts from modular reinforced concrete structures involves the installation of rings on a sand-cement mortar. Filling all the irregularities of the joint between the upper and lower rings, the building mixture must create a reliable barrier to melt and groundwater.

Contrary to popular belief, sealing with mortar from sand and cement is also needed for interlocked well modules. The presence of the latter prevents the displacement of the rings, but does not protect the joint from leakage.

Speaking about leaks between well rings, most often they recall the deterioration in the quality of drinking water, completely forgetting about the danger of the gradual destruction of the well shaft.

It should be noted that such a primitive waterproofing gives a positive result - the drinking spring shaft remains dry. However, the absence of leaks in the first years of operation is no guarantee that this idyll will continue forever.

As a rule, even on stable soils, after 4-5 years, the surface of the concrete shaft is covered with wet spots, which soon turn into dirty streaks and streams. You should not blame yourself or the builders for the fact that the work was done incorrectly. Most often, leakage occurs for completely different reasons:

1. A simple mortar is not designed for use in such harsh conditions. Constant humidity, temperature fluctuations and exposure to salts dissolved in water contribute to its cracking and destruction.
2. If a well is dug in a site with pronounced seasonal soil movements, then its trunk is subjected to regular mechanical stress. As a result, one can observe not only cracks at the joints, but also the mutual displacement of concrete rings in the horizontal plane.
3. In the northern regions, the upper rings are exposed to the forces of frost heaving. Because of this, they can not only move horizontally, but also move up and down.
4. Force majeure, expressed in the displacement or subsidence of the rings due to the appearance of a quicksand.
5. Poor-quality materials - in rings made in violation of technology, various defects may appear over time - through cracks, crumbled areas, etc.

The waterproofing of the well should be taken care of even at the stage of its construction - in the future it will save a lot of time and effort

If the well is being built with the simultaneous laying of rings, then very often even simple sealing with mortar is not performed. And in this and in other cases, it will be necessary to carry out a set of measures for reliable waterproofing of joints.

Methods for sealing joints in a well from precast concrete modules

To seal joints between concrete rings, you can use one of the following methods:

• plastering;
• sealing with rolled waterproofing;
• applying bituminous mastic;
• filling gaps with seals;
• the use of polymer inserts.

The choice of a specific sealing method depends on which well you have to deal with - under construction or in operation. In addition, construction technology, soil features, the depth of the source of drinking water and other factors will have to be taken into account.

It should be noted that the best results are obtained by a combination of several waterproofing methods - only in this case can one count on one hundred percent success.

Plastering

The use of special plaster mixtures is perhaps the most common method of waterproofing. The popularity of sealing joints with plaster is explained by both simplicity and accessibility, as well as the ability to carry out work from the inside and outside of the well. Sealing is carried out using spatulas, with which the mortar is pressed into cracks and cracks. The plaster is applied until the solution completely fills the gap, after which the liquid mixture is leveled over the joint surface.

Sealing joints with plaster is one of the simplest and most available ways sealing, which makes this method very popular with home craftsmen

There is little point in using a conventional sand-cement mortar - there is a very high probability that over time it will crack and the seam will leak. It is best not to save money and use special compounds called hydraulic seals.

Manufacturers produce hydraulic seals "for all occasions" - if necessary, you can even find a composition that can instantly stop a leak with a pressure of up to 7 atmospheres

Made on the basis of aluminum cement, fine sand and chemically active additives, hydrostable mixtures have a reduced setting time and, in addition, have such necessary properties as frost resistance, strength and plasticity. With their help, you can not only close the dry joint between the rings, but also eliminate leaks under pressure.

Avoiding the question of specific brands of hydraulic seals, materials such as Penetron and Penecrete can be recommended for general cases. If you urgently need to fix a pressure leak, then choose Waterplug, Puder-Ex or Peneplug - they have a minimum hardening time and high adhesion in a humid environment.

Hydroseal is a high-tech quick-hardening composition, therefore, when preparing it, one should strictly follow the manufacturer's recommendations

The use of rolled waterproofing

As a rule, the section of a well shaft at a depth of up to 3 meters from the surface is exposed to the strongest impact of groundwater. In this case, the joints can be protected with roofing material or other rolled waterproofing. To do this, a ditch about a meter wide is dug around the well and a layer of waterproofing is melted or glued onto the upper rings.

External waterproofing must be welded or installed on a layer of glue - a simple wrapping with plastic film is not enough here

For additional protection of the well from rain or melt water, the pit can be filled with clay. After thorough compaction, it will act as a hydraulic lock, preventing moisture from penetrating to the well shaft.

In addition to roll materials, special sealing strips can be found on sale. Unlike roofing material, they can be used to localize cracks with inside.

Self-adhesive sealing strips have high adhesion to the concrete surface and can be used for waterproofing joints both outside and inside wells

Using bituminous mastic

For waterproofing with liquid bitumen, the rings are dug to the required height and thoroughly cleaned of dirt. After that, a resin (tar) dissolved in gasoline is applied with a wide brush. Since a thin film of bitumen for high-quality waterproofing will not be enough, at least three layers will be needed. For better adhesion to the concrete surface, the first penetration is done with a mixture in the ratio of 1 hour of resin to 4 hours of gasoline, and the other two - in a one to one ratio.

To seal the well from the outside, you can use both ready-made rubber-bitumen mastic and do-it-yourself tar

It should be noted that rolled waterproofing, like tar, in fact, cannot be attributed to environmentally friendly materials. For this reason, the joint surface on both sides is pre-protected with a layer of moisture-resistant plaster - it will serve as an additional guarantee that substances hazardous to health will not enter the well.

Before you start coating the outer part with a bitumen composition, the seams should be plastered

Sealing inserts

There are situations when reinforced concrete rings are worn out so much that their repair, as well as joint sealing, does not bring the desired results. In this case, you can use the most in an efficient way- install plastic liners inside the barrel.

With the help of a plastic liner, you can repair the most hopeless well

Such inserts are made from high-strength polymers and, depending on the diameter, have a wall thickness of 5 to 8 mm. On their outer surface there is a ribbing, thanks to which the cylindrical liners resemble a huge corrugated pipe.

The outer helical polymer rings play a very important role. They allow you to increase the rigidity of the structure and make it possible to connect plastic modules with virtually no gaps - in a similar way, you can get a cylindrical pipe of any height.

Sealing a well with a polymer insert is a complex and expensive undertaking, so it is better to entrust this work to professionals.

The industry has mastered the production of sealing inserts for concrete rings of any diameter, so it will not be difficult to pick up a plastic cylinder in a well. Inserts could be called an ideal option, if not for one thing - this option is the most expensive of all considered.

The dimensions of polymer inserts correspond to the internal dimensions of standard reinforced concrete rings

Is there a folk alternative to expensive modern materials

If immediate measures are required to eliminate the leak, and the above methods seem too time-consuming or expensive, then the gaps between the rings can simply be caulked. Both special rubber or fiber-rubber strips, as well as fiber-impregnated flax fiber, hemp or jute rope. Such materials are not in short supply - they can be easily found in retail outlets selling products for waterproofing pools. Sealing with sealing inserts eliminates gaps up to a centimeter wide and is nothing more than a temporary measure. Be prepared for the fact that over time the joints will need to be sealed with more durable materials.

With the help of improvised sealing materials, you can not only quickly eliminate the leak, but also save expensive filling composition when sealing wide joints

Of course, at home, it will not be possible to create a full-fledged replacement for hydraulic seals. However, craftsmen found a way out of the situation by adding liquid glass to the mortar. Since such a composition hardens in less than a minute, sand and cement are first mixed in a 1: 1 ratio. One part of the alkaline solution is added immediately before applying the sealant to the joint or crack.

Video: sealing a well with a homemade hydraulic seal

Features of sealing wells from the inside

The waterproofing of the well column from the inside can be done both with the help of grouting compounds and materials, and using plastic inserts. In the latter case, it is better to entrust the work to specialists, but it is quite possible to seal the seams with plaster on your own.

The first thing to take care of is the construction of a comfortable and safe workplace. Do not think that using a rope ladder in your work is a practical and convenient option - you will change your mind already in the fifth minute of using it. Most often, a small shield suspended on strong ropes or steel cables is used for this purpose. Such a “cradle” is attached to a wooden beam or channel laid on the head of the well, and a powerful winch is used to lower it. As you have already understood, it will not be possible to do without assistants. In addition, you should take care of reliable insurance - it can be used as a strong rope tightly tied around the waist and attached to the support crossbar.

The waterproofing of the upper rings can be done using a conventional ladder attached to the head of the well

When repairing an operated well, water should be pumped out of it. This will clear the bottom of silt and, if necessary, restore the filter layer. In addition, long-term layers of dirt and mold must be removed from the inner surface of the trunk. There is no better tool than a pressure washer for this purpose. After a complete cleaning of the concrete surface, you will be able to see the picture of damage in detail and decide on ways to eliminate them.

You can easily and quickly clean the inner surface of concrete rings using a high pressure washer.

Sealing joints and cracks

To clean problem areas and seams between the rings, use a metal brush. Among other things, it will help to get a rough base to improve adhesion with the sealant. After that, the concrete is moistened with water and the plaster is applied. There are no difficulties here - the working mixture is pressed into the joints with force and rubbed over the surface.

It does not matter at all how the cracks will be filled - with a spatula or by hand. The main thing is that the sealing compound penetrates into the gap as deep as possible.

Difficulty can only be caused small cracks- it is impossible to push the solution into narrow, thread-like cracks, and smearing the seal on the surface will not give any special results. In this case, the crack is widened with a hammer and a small chisel, trying to get a gap with a dovetail shape in cross section.

When sealing wide cracks and through holes, a lot of working solution is required, therefore, in order to save expensive purchased compositions, you can cheat a little. To do this, the main part of the seal is made of a thick sand-cement mortar or fibrous-rubber plugging, filling only the outer part of the “patch” with factory waterproofing to a depth of 1-2 cm.

The lower and upper rings of the well shaft are most subject to shear.

What to do when the rings are displaced

If the shift of the concrete modules of the well shaft does not exceed 1/3 of the thickness of the rings, then the waterproofing is performed according to the above method. With a significant displacement, the trunk is dug up to the level of the damaged area and disassembled into its component parts.

Returning removed links vice versa, they must be laid on a layer of cement mortar and at the same time aligned with the lower ring. After that, the seams from the inside and outside are sealed with a special compound. We will return to the question of how to prevent a possible displacement of the rings in the future.

Step-by-step instructions for sealing joints and sealing a well shaft

Before proceeding with sealing the well, you should prepare the following tools:

• containers for mixing working solutions;
• metal brush;
• scrapers for surface cleaning or high pressure washing;
• spatulas;
• perforator or impact drill;
• wide paint brush with hard bristles;
• a hammer;
• thin chisel.

To repair a well, you will need the simplest tools that any owner has.

Work should be done sequentially - so you do not miss a single detail. In every specific case individual decisions are required, so there is no general algorithm. Nevertheless, we present to your attention the most complete instructions for sealing well seams. We tried to consider in it the most important points so that you have a complete understanding of the nature and procedure for carrying out repair activities.

1. Preparatory stage. All functional and decorative elements, completely exposing the head. If necessary, the well shaft is dug up to the third or fourth ring, and the water is pumped out using an electric pump. After that, the lifting equipment and the work platform are installed.
2. With the help of friends or relatives, they descend into the well. Using brushes, scrapers and a high pressure washer, they clean the surface of the trunk. This is best done from top to bottom. At the same time, each ring is carefully inspected, assessing the front of the upcoming work and the possible costs of the material (do not forget that the “lifetime” of factory hydraulic seals is measured in minutes).
3. Having sunk to the bottom, do not rush to clear it of silt. Firstly, during repair work, the bottom part will somehow become contaminated with debris and falling mortar, and secondly, this will give an additional influx of water.
4. Having cleaned the surface, they begin to seal the joint, which is located above the water mirror. There is no point in sealing the rings that are installed below - this part of the well is located in the aquifer. Embedding is performed in sections of 10-20 cm, and vertical cracks should be plastered from the bottom up.
   

   Sealing dry cracks, as well as those from which water flows in small portions, does not cause difficulties. Difficulties arise with damage, from which the jet beats under pressure - the sealing composition is immediately washed out. In this case, at a distance of 25 cm below the leak, 1-2 drills with a diameter of 20-25 mm are performed - they will serve to redirect the flow. After the main crack is closed, the holes are sealed with wooden pegs or rubberized tow and sealed with a thick layer of filling solution.

5. To protect the inner surface of the rings from fungi and mold, the entire concrete surface is covered with an antiseptic. Offhand, you can call quite good Nortex, Capatox or Ceresit CT-99 products.
6. After the last gap is closed, they sink to the bottom and clean the bottom filter. If necessary, the filter layer is restored.
   For more information on how to clean a well, see this article:
7. Having risen upward, they begin to seal the outer surface of the well shaft. To do this, the walls are covered with two or three layers of bituminous mastic (tar) or glued (melted) on them with rolled waterproofing.
8. The excavated trench is covered with soil and rammed, equipping a hydraulic lock made of oily clay near the surface. The thickness of its layer should reach the point of maximum freezing - this will be the key to a dry well mine during the spring floods.
9. Return to the place and, if necessary, repair the outer part of the well and the finish.

The operation of the well does not begin immediately. It is necessary to wait until it is filled to a normal level and completely pump out all the water. Only then can the source be considered usable.

Clay dumping should be equipped according to the rules, otherwise there will be no sense from such a hydraulic lock

How to prevent displacement of well rings in the future

You will have to put up with the displacement of the lower rings - digging the trunk to such a depth is an extremely time-consuming and expensive task. Since most often the shift occurs due to weak soil or quicksand, there is no guarantee that the trouble will not recur after the repair. As for the upper 2-3 rings, they should just be returned to their place in without fail- this will make it possible to make high-quality waterproofing and thereby avoid flooding the mine with top water.

The use of well rings with seam locks prevents them from moving horizontally

The simplest thing that can be done to prevent horizontal movement of well rings is to replace them with interlocked hollow concrete modules. For those who are embarrassed by additional costs, it is recommended to connect adjacent rings with strong metal brackets or thick steel plates. To do this, at a distance of at least 25 cm from the joint, holes are drilled into which a bracket is driven in from the outside. The edges sticking inward are bent and carefully sealed. If plates are used, then they are installed on both sides and fixed with bolts with a diameter of at least 12-14 mm.

Concrete rings can be connected to each other with metal brackets and straight or curved plates made of thick steel strip

The method of connecting rings using metal fasteners is widely used by experienced craftsmen when digging wells. Concrete modules fastened together settle down much better, since the lower links pull the upper ones with them. In addition, the likelihood that the rings in the water horizon will “float away” under the influence of quicksand is reduced.

On heaving soils, cracks in the joints appear due to the fact that the soil tries to push the upper rings up, lifting them above the other links of the well shaft. In this case, the trunk is dismantled to a depth below the calculated freezing point and the cylindrical modules are changed to conical ones.

Factory-made or hand-cast cone rings will remain in place even on the most heaving soil

Prefabricated cone rings are almost impossible to find, so you have to cast them yourself. The slope of the latter should be directed inside the structure and be from 10 to 15 degrees. Due to this, the pushing forces reverse their direction, pressing the upper concrete module against the well shaft.

Video: how to seal the seams in a well with a precast concrete shaft

Now you know how to repair cracks between concrete rings and how to prevent their occurrence. We will be glad if our advice and recommendations will help to make drinking water in your well tastier, cleaner and safer for health. Leave feedback on the article, share your own solutions to the problem and ask questions. Our experts will provide you with qualified assistance in the shortest possible time.

Repair of wells with plastic rings and other methods

A well located on your personal plot may become unusable over time. There can be many reasons for such a misfortune: first of all, these are soil movements and the insufficient quality of the materials used in the construction of the well. But modern industry has long mastered the production of structures that will faithfully serve you for many decades and can successfully replace damaged materials. One of the popular methods for repairing wells is the use of plastic rings.

Most common well damage

The well located on the site of a country house is an excellent source of clean drinking water. But, at the same time, it is also a complex engineering and technical structure, a structure consisting of many components. As a rule, the components of such devices tend to wear out, which can lead to the inoperability of the entire structure.

The most common problems faced by well owners are:

• The well is filled with muddy, dirty water,
• Foreign impurities enter the well through the diverging seams of the walls.
• The well dries up, it dramatically reduces the amount of available water.
• The well shaft can completely collapse.

Let's see how we can deal with these problems using modern building materials and equipment.

You may be interested in information on how.

We repair seam divergence

As a rule, such a problem occurs in wells, the walls of which are formed from reinforced concrete rings. If several seams between such rings lose their tightness, then groundwater begins to flow into the well, which has not been sufficiently cleaned. Soil particles, seeping through broken joints, can settle on the bottom of the well and raise the level of its bottom, preventing the flow of clean water.

The most effective way to repair such damage to wells is to use plastic rings. They are formed from a pipe with two layers and a spiral structure. This design has increased rigidity, allowing it to withstand loads in the horizontal direction. The plastic rings are connected to each other by means of a threaded connection, which ensures reliable tightness.

In order to repair the well using plastic rings, it is necessary to carry out the following activities:

1. At the preparatory stage, the upper part of the well log house, the so-called house, is dismantled.
2. Water is pumped out of the well, if necessary, the inner surface of the well is cleaned and disinfected.
3. The well bottom is cleaned, silt and dirt are removed from it.
4. In a cleaned and prepared well shaft, pre-connected plastic rings are installed. In order to ensure complete tightness of the threaded connection, it is pre-treated with a silicone-based sealant. A sealing coating can also be applied over the joint.

   

5. Soil is poured into the space between the walls of the well shaft and the plastic rings.

   

6. A geotextile filter is placed at the bottom of the well and a filter pad is poured from river stones and quartz sand.

The well after such a repair is filled with water exclusively through the bottom, after water purification. This excludes the ingress of untreated groundwater into it, which is available at a shallow depth.

You may be interested in information on how to choose

Other types of damage may appear in wells made up of concrete rings. Let's see how we can fix them.

If you find damage on a concrete ring, then you can simply repair it with a cement-sand mortar.

Prices for plastic rings for a well

plastic rings for wells

Video - sealing and waterproofing the seams of the well

When installing new rings, try to connect them together in order to prevent possible shifts. The easiest way to do this is with an ordinary wire threaded into the shipping loops. Then the wire is twisted.

In your well, one of the rings may move relative to the others. You may be able to correct this shortcoming. To do this, you will have to dig in the well and, with an effort, restore the position of the rings relative to each other. In any case, after the repair associated with the movement of reinforced concrete rings relative to each other, you need. After fixing the rings relative to each other, fill the free outer space with sand or soil.

Repairing a dry well

In a number of localities, the groundwater level has a pronounced long-term cycle. The duration of such a cycle can reach several tens of years, as a result of which, after a while, your well may suddenly become dry. A drop in the water level in the well can also be an alarming signal. This issue is solved by deepening the well shaft, and the use of plastic rings to strengthen the walls will ensure the purity of the water in the well.

To deepen a dry well, the following activities are carried out:

1. At the preparatory stage, we dismantle the well house and pump water out of it.
2. We carry out a visual inspection of the state of the well well, if necessary, clean it and carry out disinfection measures.
3. We completely remove the bottom filter of the old well.
4. We lower the plastic ring to the cleaned bottom. We dig the soil under it and remove the earth from the well shaft.
5. Under the influence of gravity, the ring will gradually lower.
6. After sampling a sufficient amount of land, we install the entire shaft from plastic rings.
7. If there are sufficiently strong walls of the well charge, formed from reinforced concrete rings, it can be limited to installing 1-2 articulated plastic rings. In order to prevent the ingress of dirt from the gap between the plastic and concrete rings, a concrete mixture is poured.
8. A new bottom filter is filled at the bottom of the well, and the necessary infrastructure is mounted on top.

Repairing an old wooden well

A damaged wooden well may also be found on your site. Unfortunately, the service life of such structures is not very long and you may need to repair it.

Repair of an old dilapidated wooden well can also be made from suitable plastic rings. It is necessary that their outer diameter fit into the frame of a well, which usually has square shape in section. The process of repairing an old wooden well is almost completely similar to restoring a well from reinforced concrete rings with open seams.

We waterproof the seams between concrete rings

The gaps between the rings of a reinforced concrete well can also be formed due to the natural wear of the concrete edges of the structure. To solve this problem, additional waterproofing can be carried out. In principle, discrepancies up to 10 centimeters wide are subjected to this type of repair.

In order to close up the resulting gap, soil and debris are selected from it to a depth of about 10 centimeters. Clay is tightly compacted into the resulting space. After drying, a layer of concrete mortar can be applied over the clay, and after it dries, a liquid waterproofing layer can be applied.

Cleaning an old well

Some time after the start of operation, the well may become silted up. This may be evidenced by the deteriorating quality of water, the appearance of sand sediment, the loss of water transparency. So it's time to clean the well.

Pump - serves as an excellent tool for pumping water from a well

Before the well is drained, the water is pumped out of it. If necessary, disinfection measures are carried out. Carefully remove any moss or lichen found from the inside of the well walls. To disinfect and protect wooden walls, they can be smeared with a solution of limestone or bleach.

If necessary, replace the bottom filter media. The thickness of such a filter layer, consisting of pebbles and quartz sand, should be at least 10 centimeters.

For enhanced cleaning and disinfection of the well, about half a kilogram of bleach is poured onto the bottom of it. Thirty minutes later, the resulting solution is pumped out or scooped out.

Wells need to be cleaned regularly. This is especially true in cases where the well has not been used for a long time. As a result, water can stagnate in it. In this case, it must be cleaned every five years, and sanitized before the start of each season of use.

If the well is used constantly, then it can be sanitized once a year.

As you can see, when using modern materials, repairing a well seems to be a fairly simple task that can be done even by people with minimal technical skills. Modern means household chemicals and hygiene will allow you to more effectively sanitize well structures, so that the water in them will always be clean and tasty.

Cloudy water in the well is one of the most common problems indicating the need for repair.

Two years ago, I dug a well in my summer cottage, the water was clean and tasty. Summer residents from neighboring streets came to take water. This summer, I found that the water is a little cloudy, and the top rings are slightly shifted. Why did this happen and how are the rings of the well aligned?

Our expert answers this question:

The reasons for this origin are few, but they exist. The displacement of the elements of the mine is caused by natural factors, namely:

• Swelling of the soil.

Soil heaving

The fact is that when spring comes, the soil begins to thaw and groundwater is actively moving inside the rocks. The pressure on the walls of the barrel increases, which often leads to rupture of the seams of the upper elements. If you look closely, you can notice these violations.

Groundwater, together with the soil, seeps into the structure and silts up the bottom, which leads to cloudy water. Closer to summer, active processes calm down, and the rings try to return to their previous position. As a result, they move.

A phenomenon similar to the first option, but in this case, the movement of the soil does not occur in the upper layers, but much lower. Therefore, the displacement occurs at the bottom of the shaft. Violations cannot be seen because they are hidden by the water column. To see them, you need to pump out the water.

Methods for restoring well rings

The appearance of such a defect is indeed a big problem. To restore the well shaft, it is necessary to carry out a number of complex complex measures. First you need to make sure the problem is serious:

• pump out water;
• to diagnose the condition of the walls of the structure and seams.

If a significant shift is detected, extensive excavation will be required. The structure is dug in, the rings are aligned. If necessary, replace damaged items. After the completion of measures to restore the mine, it is covered with a clay castle.

If the problem is not so serious, and only the upper rings have shifted a little, they are edited without excavation. Adjacent rings after restoration are fastened with staples.

Both in the first and in the second case, after the repair work is completed, the inner surface of the barrel is cleaned and disinfected.

To avoid the movement of the rings, during the construction of the mine, the elements are connected with overlays, which will not allow the rings to move in the future. Around the mine make backfilling with sand or gravel. This is especially true for moving soils. Around the head on the surface, a cement pavement is made to drain rainwater.

The implementation of such a complex of works is a responsible event that requires special skills and abilities. In this case, you can not do without special equipment. Therefore, before proceeding with the restoration, you should think about attracting specialists with experience.