The uniform of the red army navy in the second world war. Uniform of the ussr marines naval officer uniform 1942

It has a fairly long history. Over the decades, it has undergone many changes. In this article we will consider brief history forms, its various options and principles of wearing.

The history of the navy dress

The history of the form of the Navy dates back to the time of Peter the Great. By order of the mighty manager-emperor, in 1696 the Boyar Duma decided to create the first navy in the Russian state. October 30 is traditionally considered the foundation day of the Russian fleet.

With its creation, Peter I introduced a uniform for a sailor and a representative of the lower ranks, created from items of marine clothing of Dutch naval employees, namely, a gray or green jacket made of coarse wool, short green pants, stockings and a hat with wide brims. Leather shoes were used as footwear for the navy. This set was also replaced by a casual work suit. It included a loose shirt, canvas pants, a cocked hat, and a camisole. It was worn by sailors during Ushakov's Mediterranean campaign.

A work uniform, which included a set of gray canvas trousers and a shirt, was worn for any ship work, a uniform white shirt with an azure collar was worn over it. Such a suit was approved as a uniform for privates in the summer of 1874.

About the fabrics of the navy uniform

Until the 80s of the XX century, the military everyday work uniform for the servicemen of the Russian Navy was made of lightweight canvas, which could be easily cleaned from the most difficult to remove stains. The Black Sea Fleet was dressed in white work clothes, the rest - most often in blue. A little later, the color of the uniform changed to blue / dark blue, and the material was mainly cotton fabric. New form sewn in a variety of ateliers, using all sorts of and not always good-quality fabrics. New (currently approved) uniforms can be of any color, ranging from shades of black and blue.

What is the most common naval suit of the new design for 2019? A naval suit, or, in the jargon of the Navy, a work dress (also a sailor's robe) is a form of work uniform for sailors, cadets of naval schools, as well as foremen of the Russian Navy. The sailor's suit consists of the following items of clothing:

• Shirt.
• Pants.
• Sailor collar.
• Footwear.
• Headdress.

Sailor's shirt

The shirt, usually worn with a special fastened collar, is cut after the pattern of the classic sailor's shirt. Her back and one-piece front - without seams, with a wide turn-down collar. There is a patch pocket on the front and an inside pocket on the seamy side. There is a slit that fastens with a button. The sleeves of the shirt are straight, set-in; simple epaulets corresponding to the rank. An obligatory element of sailor clothing is a white tag with an indelible combat number. Such a shirt is worn outside, and during watch service must be tucked into his pants. In the cold, an overcoat, pea jacket or coat is put on over the set.

Sailor's trousers

The sailor's work trousers are made of dark blue cotton fabric. They have side pockets, buckles on the codpiece, as well as a belt with special loops (loops) for the belt. The belt is made mainly of pigskin, on its badge is the emblem of the Russian Navy. On the buckle of the sample that existed in the USSR, an anchor with a star was depicted.

Sailor collar

The collar is also made of cotton material, worn over a shirt, has a lining and three white stripes, symbolizing the victories of the Navy in such battles as Chesme, Gangut and Sinop. The formal naval clothing also includes a sailor collar.

Sailor's headdress

There are several hats in the uniforms of the Navy. One of them is a trumpet cap, to which a tape with the name of the ship or with the inscription "Navy" is attached. The tape is put on the band. It, like the bottom with walls, is made of wool. On the crown of the headdress there is a cockade, which is a golden anchor. In the USSR, the cockade had the shape of the so-called "crab" - a red star framed by golden leaves. Summer cap is sewn of white fabric (comes with a removable cover). The winter headdress is a black fur hat with earflaps.

In 2014, the plans were to introduce a woolen hat to replace the cap with earflaps for outdoor work. Also in 2014, other developments of the new form were carried out, but some innovations did not take root.

In addition, the daily kit includes a beret.

Available in a set of hats and a garrison cap. On the front side of the cap there is a golden cockade in the form of an anchor. In the form of the Soviet Navy, the cap was intended for the crews of submarines. It had a black color and differed in type - for privates and for officers. Relatively recently, the cap was adopted as part of the uniform worn by the entire composition of the Navy. Its semicircular style was replaced by a rectangular one. Also, the cap received white edging, which were previously intended only for the headgear of warrant officers and officers, as well as a cockade instead of a star.

Footwear

The above-described suit is accompanied by boots made of leather with thick soles, called "burnouts" or "reptiles" in naval jargon. Not so long ago, boots were sewn with laces, but now, in 2019, they also have rubber inserts (they were introduced in 2014). In areas with a harsh climate, military personnel wear barnyard boots. The tropical shape provides for the wearing of sandals.

Also in a full set of everyday uniforms there is a striped vest, gloves and a hat with earflaps.

Casual uniform of officers and warrant officers

Military everyday uniform, intended for officers and warrant officers, includes: a black or white woolen cap, a jacket made of the same material, a black coat, a cream shirt, a black tie with a gold-colored setting, a muffler, black trousers, a waist belt, gloves and ankle boots, low shoes or boots as shoes. It is also allowed to include a black cap in the everyday set, wool sweater of the same color, a demi-season jacket or a raincoat and a jacket made of blue wool.

Casual female uniform of the Navy

It is a set of a garrison cap made of black wool, a black woolen skirt, a cream-colored blouse, a traditional tie with a gold setting and a waist belt, black shoes (or boots) and nude tights. Also included is a jacket.

The winter casual uniform involves wearing an astrakhan black beret, wool coat, skirt, blouse, belt, tie and tights from the above summer set, black muffler and gloves. Shoes are boots or boots. The jacket is also present in the winter version of the form. It is allowed to wear a sweater, a demi-season raincoat, a garrison cap and a cap with earflaps.

It's worth noting that some of the elements that exist in the form kit now were introduced in 2014.

Now that we've looked at everyday naval attire, let's move on to other different types of naval uniforms. There are several types of them, including such as:

• Front.
• Office.
• Dembelskaya.

Also, since the times of the USSR, there has been a division into winter and summer forms.

Video: an overview of the new design of the office uniform of the officers of the Navy

Parade uniform for officers and warrant officers of the Navy

There are several types of dress uniforms for different weather / climatic conditions. The headdress in the set of the ceremonial sample is a white / black cap (summer or winter / woolen) or a cap with earflaps made of black fur (colonels, senior officers and captains of the first rank wear an astrakhan cap with a visor).

An obligatory element of any type of dress uniform of an officer and midshipman is a black tie with a gold setting. Also included is a woolen jacket: black (front) or white (summer). Black wool trousers White shirt and a golden belt is the basis of any dress uniform.

Shoes - black or white shoes / boots or low shoes / ankle boots. There may also be a white muffler or a detachable collar (depending on weather conditions). As outerwear- black wool coat. Sewn-on shoulder straps are worn on it, as well as on jackets. The shirts are removable. The winter dress uniform provides for warm black gloves. It is also allowed to wear demi raincoat or jackets, white gloves.

Parade uniform for foremen and sailors of the Navy

Obligatory items of clothing are a striped vest (the contract service uniform provides for wearing a cream shirt with a tie), woolen black trousers and a black waist belt. A headdress can be a white (summer) peakless cap or a black woolen cap, or a fur hat with earflaps (winter version). A white or black cap is also intended for a contractor. There is also a white uniform (for a contractor - a jacket made of black wool), or a blue flannel. The uniform includes a woolen black coat (on which epaulets are also worn, as well as on jackets, pea coats, flannel jackets and uniforms), mufflers and gloves. It is also allowed to wear a pea jacket. Shoes - boots / low shoes, ankle boots.

Women's dress uniform of the Navy

Such a set in its composition almost completely repeats the everyday one, except that the jacket is ceremonial, the belt is also ceremonial, golden, and in the winter version it has a white comforter in the set.

• A blue or black cap or a casual cap of the same colors.
• A suit consisting of trousers and a jacket with long (short) sleeves.
• Vests or white / blue t-shirts.
• Also, the office uniform of the Navy also contains a white cap.

Video: Navy day and dress uniform

Dembel uniform of the Navy

The Dembel Maritime Uniform is a very special "informal" form for an employee. This is not just a set of clothes - but a manifestation of the soldier's imagination and pride. Such a kit is drawn up according to the personal preferences of the employee. The tradition of making a uniform specifically for transfer to the reserve came to us from the USSR.

The Dembel form can also be divided into several types:

• Strict.
• Decorated.

The decorated demobilization uniform, in turn, can be unofficially divided into:

• Moderately decorated.
• Medium decorated.
• Richly decorated.

Accordingly, it makes sense to consider in more detail the strict (statutory) demobilization form, in view of the liberty of compiling a set of decorated forms. It, most often, consists of a sewn-in tunic, with sewn on emblems of the patrimonial troops, gold buttons, awards and badges, aiguillette and traditional shoes, belts and caps (beret).

Video about the form of the Navy

If you have any questions - leave them in the comments below the article. We or our visitors will be happy to answer them.

History

Shirt

The shirt of a naval suit (introduced by order of the RVSR No. 2443 of October 27, 1921. The cut of the shirt was confirmed by orders of the RVS of the USSR No. 006 of January 5, 1925 and by the Red Army Navy No. 52 of April 16, 1934) was originally sewn from gray canvas or bleached rags. Consisted of a one-piece front and back without seams with a straight stand-up collar with button and loop fastening, and straight sleeves without cuffs and cuffs. The front slit of the shirt was closed with planks with two buttons and loops. On the left side of the chest there was a stitching pocket without a flap.

The uniform shirt is worn with a fitted uniform blue collar.

Approximately from the middle of the 70s of the XX century, the appearance of the shirt has changed slightly. The front and back are one-piece. Front with top patch pocket on the left side and an inner pocket on the seamy side. In the upper part of the front, in the middle, there is a slit that fastens with one button loop. At the end of the cut, with inside, two buttons, and on the back, at the neckline, a loop for attaching a uniform collar. Wide turn-down collar. Sleeves are set-in, straight.

Shaped collar is also called jack.

Pants

The trousers of the navy suit have non-standard tailoring. Consists of front and back halves and a belt. Front halves with side pockets and a lapel fastened to the waist of the back halves of the trousers with two buttons, or with a metal hook and loop fastener and buttons located on the codpiece. Belt with belt loops.

Originally made from gray canvas or bleached matting. Currently sewn from cotton fabric of blue color.

Headdress

Capless cap

Capless cap of sailors and foremen of the Russian Navy

Pilot

The blue cotton cap consists of a bottom, sides and sides.

The bottom, sides and sides are made of cotton fabric. On the sides of the cap, in the upper part of the walls, there are three ventilation holes (block).

Inside the cap - lining gray and a forehead made of leather.

In front, in the middle of the connecting seam of the sides, there is a golden cockade with an anchor.

In the "Soviet" fleet, it was a headgear for submarine crews, had a black color, differences for privates and officers. Recently used throughout the fleet.

Combat number

In accordance with the combat organization of the ship, warrant officers, foremen and sailors are assigned combat numbers, which are entered in the Personnel Numbering Table. The battle number consists of three parts:

Combat number decoding

The first part (number or letter) indicates in which combat unit (service) the midshipman, foreman or sailor is located according to the combat alert schedule;

The second part (one, two or three digits) indicates the number of the combat post where the midshipman, foreman or sailor is located according to the "Alert Schedule";

The third part (two digits) determines the belonging of the midshipman, foreman or sailor to the combat shift; the first digit indicates the number of the combat shift, the second digit is the ordinal number of the midshipman, foreman or sailor in the shift.

Combat shifts are assigned the following numbers:

The first combat shift - 1, 5, 7;

The second combat shift - 2, 4, 8;

The third combat shift - 3, 6, 9.

If there are up to 9 people at a combat post in each combat shift, numbers 1, 2, 3 are used to designate them, up to 18 people - 1 and 5, 2 and 4, 3 and 6, up to 27 people - 1, 5 and 7; 2, 4 and 8; 3, 6 and 9.

The combat number for wearing on the work clothes of foremen and sailors is indicated on the serviceman's breast identification card (cloth tag white sewn to the breast pocket of a work dress).

Emergence uniforms in the navy was originally due to its military purpose - in boarding battles it was very important to distinguish between your sailors and soldiers from the enemy soldiers. With the technical development of ships and weapons, boarding battles are a thing of the past. National differences in the uniform of sailors lost their former significance, the hygiene of clothing and the convenience of wearing and handling it on board came to the fore. it main reason similarities of sailor clothes in different countries, therefore, over the past hundred years, the sailor uniform has remained practically unchanged.

The predominant colors of the marine form - black, blue and white- emerged from the following considerations. For about a hundred years in the navy, the predominant type of ship was the steamer with accompanying coal dust. Black Cloth Tunic I was not afraid of a small amount of coal dust, at the same time, on long voyages under the hot sun, it was convenient to be in light white clothes... And finally blue collar- in the color of the sea - remained a highlight of sailor clothing, its business card suitable for any occasion from parade to funeral. Just as the flag adorns the mast of an inexpressive gray ship, the jack decorates the sailor's uniform, revives it and makes the sailor himself brave, resourceful, honest.

The modern naval uniform for privates and officers was finally established in 1951. It consists of a shirt, trousers and a headdress.

The shirt and trousers of a modern Russian sailor are made of blue cotton fabric. The decoration of a sailor's shirt is a large blue collar with white stripes along the edge (jack). The history of its origin is very interesting. In the old days, sailors were prescribed to wear powdered wigs and oiled horsehair braids. The pigtails stained the robe, and the sailors were punished for this. So they came up with the idea of ​​hanging a leather flap under the pigtail. No braids have been worn in the Navy for a long time, and the leather flap has turned into a blue collar, reminding us of old times. The sailors have a wide blue collar with three white stripes on their shoulders, like a blue wave with white foam- without it, form is not a form.

Capless caps were established in November 1811. But the ribbons appeared on them later - in 1857. Sailors got ribbons from those distant times when sailors wore uncomfortable wide-brimmed hats. During storms or strong winds, hats were tied with scarves. Wives, mothers, brides gave scarves to sailors. They embroidered words of prayers, their names, anchors on scarves with gold thread. The sailor looked at the gift and thought: "I am faithful to you, my beloved, as the anchor is faithful to the ship." Many years have passed, hats have become caps, and scarves have become ribbons. In November 1872, by order of the admiral-general (chief of the entire fleet and the Naval Department), the type of inscriptions, the size of the letters and the shape of the anchors on the ribbons, as well as their length - 140 millimeters, were precisely determined.

Older people remember that earlier it was possible to read on the visor ribbons: "Northern Fleet", "Pacific Fleet", "Baltic Fleet" and "Black Sea Fleet". Now the custom of wearing a cap on ribbons the name of your ship is reviving again in the Russian fleet. The sailors love their ribbons, they wear them with pride, as if they say: "Look, the name of my ship is burning in gold on my ribbon, I do not hide it from anyone, on the shore I behave with dignity and hold on to my ship with all anchors, to my crew". Any sailor can feel how the ribbons of the peakless cap flutter over his shoulders, hug him around the neck.

Vest - knitted undershirt with white and blue transverse stripes... The vest, as a kind of naval clothing, appeared in the days of the sailing fleet. Initially, vests were made of harsh linen. In the second half of the 19th century, blue and white stripes appeared on this shirt. This was justified by practical necessity: the sailors working on the masts in such clothes were better visible from the deck against the background of the sky, sea and sails. In addition, if a sailor fell overboard, it was easier to find him, in a shirt with stripes, on the surface of the sea. The vest, in comparison with other uniforms, is very practical: it retains heat well, fits the body tightly, does not interfere with free movement in any kind of activity, is very convenient when washing and practically does not wrinkle. On August 19, 1874, the vest was officially declared an obligatory element of the naval uniform "for the lower ranks." Many years have passed, a lot has changed in the Navy, but this type of marine clothing "remained afloat." Many generations of Russian, Soviet, Russian sailors have not imagined and cannot imagine life without a vest. This shirt fell in love with sailors and over time became a symbol of maritime valor and brotherhood. The combination of stripes on the "vest" symbolizes the blue of the sky and the white scallops of traveling waves. Repeating the colors of the Andreevsky flag, the "vest" reminds the sailor of the sea and the ship. And it is no coincidence that the second, informal name of this, truly popularly loved element of marine equipment, sounds proudly and significantly - "sea soul"!

Striped vests and blue jackets appeared in the 19th century in the US Navy. Then blue became the color of sailor uniforms in most other fleets. Hence one of the common nouns of the sailor arose - "blue jacket". Blue - the classic color of sailors' uniforms, accepted in all countries of the world - it symbolizes the color of the vastness of the sea.

The form of the Navy has a rather long history of origin. These clothes change over time. New accessories and additions appear in it. Also changing appearance the parts themselves. Below we will talk about how exactly this form appeared. We will also tell you what changes it has undergone. In addition, there will be given Interesting Facts that will captivate many readers of the article.

The history of the appearance of such a full dress

The first time the parade uniform of the Navy arose during the reign of the great Peter the Great. Its appearance is associated with the emergence of the Russian Navy itself. The date of this event is generally known - the thirtieth of October.

Uniforms were introduced first. It was intended to be worn by sailors and lower ranks. This piece of clothing looked like this:

1. Jacket.
2. Cropped trousers. The color of the pants and jacket was green. And these wardrobe items were sewn from rough woolen fabric.
3. Also included were stockings.
4. Broad-brim.
5. Genuine leather shoes.

This navy uniform was copied from the Dutch naval uniform.

Work suit

There was also an everyday work suit that was worn instead of a uniform. This set consisted of the following items of clothing:

1. Loose fit shirt. It was spacious.
2. Pants made of canvas.
3. Triangular headpiece.
4. Camisole.

Ushakov's sailors wore such uniforms during their cruise in the Mediterranean.

Gray canvas pants and a shirt belonged to the robe for doing everyday work. On top of this a set of clothes it was customary to wear a white shirt. A distinctive feature of her was a collar azure color. This is how the rank and file of the fleet dressed. This form of the Navy was approved in the second half of the 19th century.

What fabrics were used for sewing?

For a long time, the form of the Navy (its photo is presented in the article) was made of lightweight canvas. This was due to the fact that this material is easy to wash and remove various dirt. This fabric was used in sewing uniforms until the eighties of the last century. There was also a difference in the color of clothing between different fleets. For example, the Black Sea had a white uniform.

And the rest of the fleets used a blue tone for wearing. Then the uniform was sewn in blue or dark blue. The fabric has also changed. Cotton was used instead of canvas. In recent years, it has been customary to sew the uniform in various ateliers to order. Any fabric can be used for its production. It is worth saying that it does not always happen good quality. Color palette for sewing the shape can be in the range from blue to black. Often used for manufacturing is a material such as a sergeant. It has a dense texture and is considered a high quality fabric.

Everyday clothing for sailors

What is the uniform of the Russian Navy for sailors for every day?

Below we will consider a sailor's suit, which is customary to wear every day. The form for him has several names, namely: "robe", "work dress". The "navy suit" is correct. Also, a sailor's dress is usually called a tunic.

The sailor's suit includes the following items of clothing:

1. Shirt.
2. Pants.
3. Special sailor collar.
4. Footwear.
5. Headdress.

Shirt

It should be said that a sailor's shirt is usually called a shirt. This is due to the fact that it has a loose fit. And her appearance resembles an ancient shirt. This garment has a special sailor style collar. The cut is made in such a way that the back and front are free of seams. There is a patch pocket in the front of the shirt. In addition, there is an inner pocket. A special cut is provided. It fastens with a button. The sleeves have a regular, straight shape, they are set-in. Also, this piece of clothing has shoulder straps of a simple shape. They correspond to the title of the bearer. In addition, a white tag is an obligatory attribute of a sailor's shirt. It contains information about a person's combat number. This number is not washed off. It is customary to wear a shirt outside. If on watch, it should be tucked into trousers. In the cold period, a coat or pea jacket is worn on top. Also, an overcoat can be used as insulation.

Navy Service Trousers. New form of the Navy

When sewing trousers, the cut that was used in the seventeenth century is still used. The material for sewing these pants is taken in dark blue and has a cotton base. The main features of sailor trousers are pockets. They are located on the sides. There are also special fasteners on the codpiece. In addition, there is a belt with loops. They are called "belt loops" that hold the belt. The shape belt is made of leather. It has a badge with state symbols. It now features the emblem of the Navy. Previously, in Soviet times, an anchor and a star could be seen on the badge.

Collar as an important attribute of the form

You should know that the collar has a symbolic meaning. It consists in the fact that there are three white stripes on it. They are a symbol of the victories of the Navy in such battles:

1. Chesme.
2. Gangutskoe.
3. Sinop.

The collar is made of cotton. It has a lining. The collar is worn over the shirt. The dress uniform of the Navy includes a collar in its set.

Sailor's headdress - cap

It should be said that the uniform has several hats. First of all, it should be said about a cap without a visor with a ribbon. There is an inscription on the ribbon. It may be written there " Navy"or the name of the ship. The tape is fixed on the rim. The bottom, walls and rim are made of woolen fabric. Also, the peakless cap has a cockade. She is located on her crown. Cap cap badge is presented in the form of an anchor gold color. During the Soviet era, it was made in the form of a red star, which was framed by golden leaves. This cockade was called a crab. The cap is made of white fabric. It has a removable cover.

Ushanka hat - winter sailor's headdress

In winter, the kit includes a hat with earflaps. It is made of fur and is black in color. A few words should be said that there were attempts to introduce such a headdress as a wool hat into a sailor's uniform. She was supposed to replace the earflaps and be used for outdoor work. However, this innovation did not take root in the wardrobe of the Navy.

Beret and caps

Another headgear that is used is the beret.

In addition to the beret, the uniform set is complemented by the cap. There are special holes on the sides of it. They are intended for ventilation. These holes are called "blocks". The front part of the garrison cap is supplemented with a badge with an anchor. In Soviet times, the cap was worn by submariners. She was black. In addition, the caps varied in type. The officers had one type, and the privates had another. The entire composition of the naval forces began to use the cap not so long ago. The shape of this headdress has changed. Previously, the cap was semicircular, but now it has rectangular shape... In addition, the cap was supplemented with white edging. In the past, such elements were only on the caps of officers and warrant officers. The star has been replaced with a cockade.

Sailor shoes

Sailor boots deserve special attention. They were made of leather and had a thick sole. In the colloquial form, such boots were called "reptiles". These shoes were made with laces. IN Lately they have rubber inserts. Old-time sailors prefer to wear boots. They are called chrome. This is due to the fact that leather is used for their production, which is tanned in chrome. In addition to chrome boots, there are cowhide boots. They are used in harsh climates. In hot climates, sailors wear sandals.

Features of the uniform of midshipmen and officers

The uniform for wearing every day for such a category of military personnel as officers and warrant officers includes the following items of clothing:

1. Wool caps. They can be white and black.
2. Woolen jacket.
3. Black coat.
4. Cream-colored shirt.
5. Black tie with gold-tone setting.
6. Kashne.
7. Black trousers.
8. Belt.
9. Gloves.
10. Boots.
11. Ankle boots.
12. Boots.
13. Pilot jacket made of wool.
14. Warm sweater that matches the color direction.
15. A jacket that is used for demi-season weather.
16. Cloak.
17. Blue woolen jacket.

Features of the female form. What is she like?

The female uniform includes a garrison cap, which is made of black woolen material. In addition, the uniform consists of a black wool skirt, a cream-colored blouse, a black tie with a gilded setting. Also women costume involves wearing a belt, shoes or black boots and tights. Tights should be nude. Women also wear a jacket.

In the cold season, the women's uniform set includes a black astrakhan beret, a woolen coat, and gloves. Shoes are changed to boots. If the climate is not very harsh, you can wear boots. It is allowed to wear a sweater, a cap with earflaps, a raincoat and a garrison cap.

What types are there?

There are several types of naval uniforms:

1. Front.
2. Dembel uniform of the Navy.
3. Office.

In addition, the uniform of the Navy is divided into winter and summer options.

Formal dress. Description

The parade uniform has several options. This is due to different weather conditions. A white shirt, black wool trousers and a gold belt are the main components of the dress uniform.

As for shoes, the formal uniform of the Navy may have black or white boots. It is also allowed to wear half boots or boots in two color solutions... Depending on weather conditions, mufflers or a collar are allowed.

In the cold season, a black wool coat is included in the full dress uniform. Overhead shoulder straps are sewn on top of it, they are exactly the same as those used on jackets. On shirts, shoulder straps are removable. Winter option dress uniform includes wearing black gloves. If the weather conditions are not too harsh, then the servicemen can use a raincoat or a demi-season jacket. In addition to black gloves, military personnel can also wear white ones.

A little conclusion

Now you know what the daily is, office uniform Navy and other types of similar clothing. We hope this information was useful to you.