What a hygienic and cosmetic procedure. How to determine a good cosmetologist or what is important to know, going to the cosmetologist to receive! Facial cleaning at home

Before opening your own beauty salon, you need to know what requirements for it are presented.

The procedures carried out in the Cosmetology Cabinet are contact. Based on the interests of customers, as well as their own, it is necessary to comply with sanitary prescriptions and safety standards.

1. Sanitary and hygienic standards

For one place of work, 12 m2 should be isolated, with one chair - no less than 6 m2.
For the implementation of cosmetology invasive events, it is necessary: \u200b\u200bthe Cabinet itself, additional premises (expectation room from 6 m2, dressing room, technical premises for storage of materials for work, inventory, bathroom).
The lighting is represented by three species: the main artificial (closed lamps are placed on the ceiling), natural day, local (lamp).
Ventilation system is running natural way Using fraumug or artificial with a fan.
The presence of cold / hot water.
There is sewage.
Wall decoration: tile, or painted or covered with wallpaper.
Color range of walls involves not bright, pleasant to the eyes, pastel colors.
Color range of curtains or blinds matches the walls.
The ceiling must be washed, the coating is the water-emulsion paint.
Floor coating: Linoleum, tile, quartz vinyl coating.
All materials used in finishing work must have quality certificates and compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards.
Temperature mode: from 16 to 21 degrees Celsius.
The smell in the room should be sufficiently fresh, without the presence of pronounced specific aromas.
Furniture used in the office should be rigid or mild, necessarily washing, polished. Forbidden material for furniture - plush and suede.

For cosmetic procedures that are based on the violation of the epidermal layer, for example, injection of hyaluronic acid filters, a separate cabinet, a separate cabinet must be equipped:

a) with water supply;
b) bactericidal lamps;
c) closed dishes for soaking and processing tools before sterilization;
d) disinfection tanks for different surfaces;
e) sterilization equipment;
f) measuring tars for breeding detergents and disinfectants.

2. Requirements for the Cosmetology Cabinet Equipment

Functional cosmetology chair with armrests and head restraints.
Cosmetology couch.
A work chair covered with washing material (screw, with a back, with rollers).
Tables for medical preparations, cosmetology and special equipment.
Furniture for visitors (wardrobe, soft furniture, chairs).
Refrigerator household.
Cabinet for medical preparations.
Bedside table for sterile tools.
Cabinet linen (for warehousing fresh linen).
Tumba for steam bath.
Mirror.

3. List of equipment and requirements for it

For the procedures of darsonvalization, ultrateton requires TWH.
For electrophoresis, low-frequency and low voltage pulse currents are required.
For procedures for electrostimulation facial muscles and body muscles, low-frequency pulse current is also required.
For ultrasound, mechanical oscillations are needed.
Equipment for phototherapy, laser and ultraviolet irradiation.
Equipment for steam baths, for water breaking procedures different species (for example, a vaparizer or steam bath).
Lamp-magnifier with a necessary diopter number, while the central part should increase, or use the usual lamp plus increasing glasses.
For epilation procedures - a combined epilator.
For depilation procedures - an apparatus depilator (heated wax).
For puncture procedures, a special pistol is needed (it is necessary to preserve the appropriate certificate for the toolkit).
Libra.
Tonometer (electronic, mechanical).
Thermometer.
For sterilization activities - bixes, a sterilizer with ultraviolet irradiation or a dry cabinet, or a heat carrier and an autoclave for towels, sheets, etc.

4. List of essential medical and cosmetics:

Camphor alcohol;
Boric acid, solution of 3% alcohol;
96 percent alcohol;
three - and six percentage of hydrogen peroxide;
iodine;
Alcohol tincture of calendula;
Permanganate potassium (manganese);
paraffin;
wool (sterile, nonterpetent);
Bandages (sterile, nonterpene);
talc;
soap (slicing, liquid);
Face purification lotions;
facial tonic;
means for cleansing the face (foam, emulsion, gels, etc.);
Means for demaking (milk, micellar water, tonic, etc.)
cream (moisturizing, nutritious);
scrubs and peelings of different types;
Masks of different focus;
Pharmacy herbs;
Special first-aid kit for the first medical carein which, in obligatory order, the presence of ammonic alcohol, heart preparations (nitroglycerin, validol), antihistamine drugs.
The first-aid kit against AIDS, in which there is albacid, protorgol, mangartage in packages, ethyl alcohol 70 percent.

5. List of medical instruments (with the number of customers on average 8-10 during the day):

Tweezers (approximately 5 pieces);
epilative tweezers (about 4 pieces);
Uno spoon;
Spatula for applying masks, creams (about 3 pieces);
Corncang;
clamps;
various loops intended for cleaning (about 5 pieces);
Disposable needles (about 35 pieces);
rubber gloves;
scissors (in quantity of 2-3 pieces);
dishes for the preparation of masks of different sizes (approximately 10-12 pieces);
sponges (about 6 pieces);
Measuring glasses.

6. List of soft (fabric) inventory:

Special bathrobe (3 pieces);
sheets (about 5 pieces);
towel (changing daily, from 5 pieces);
Protective hats (hats, bandages about 25 pieces);
compressors (10 pieces);
napkins (20-30 pieces);
peignoir (20-22 pieces);
Headrests for the chair (20-22 pieces);
disposable panties (for depilation procedures);

7. Cleaning inventory list:

Urns;
Basket for used linen;
Bags for waste;
Capacity for sanitation of the room (about 4 pieces);
Capacity for soaking inventory (2 pieces);
FURNITURE: Tool truck, cabinet-showcase for cosmetic preparations, bedside table;
Mirrors (near the shells, near the cosmetic couch).

8. List of disinfectants:

Hydrogen peroxide 6 percent;
detergents;
chlorine;
chlorhexidine Bigluconat;
carriage;
Dishefect (for about two weeks).

9. Regulatory framework and list of the main documentation governing the functioning of a cosmetology cabinet

B. List of basic documentation:

License (with annex);
Acts on the tolerances of the CGSEN, fire protection, medical equipment.
Certificate of conformity.
Staff work schedule.
Documents on the qualifications of employees.
Contracts for the provision of services to dermatologists.
Price list.
Instructions on the operation of the equipment.
Passports, instructions and certificates.
Inventory techniques used, methods and technologies.
Accompanying documentation for cosmetic drugs.
Book of complaints and suggestions.
Procedural magazine.
Magazine for work with physical apparatus.
Magazine on carrying out autoclaving.
Sanitary book.
Journal for accounting of receipts.
Cash machine.
Receipts.
Outpatient cards (come for each client in form F 25-y-04).
Medical maps of patients taking hardware Medical / rejuvenating procedures (perhaps each patient in form F 044U).
Cabinet quartet schedule.
Schedule of the cosmetic salon / Cabinet.

10. Rules and techniques of cosmetology procedures

All types of cosmetic rejuvenating, non-invasive measures are appointed by a dermatovenerologist who additionally specializing in cosmetology and physiotherapy procedures in cosmetology. If necessary, additional consultations are appointed with narrow specialization doctors.
All types of cosmetological events of an invasive nature are appointed after an additional examination.
All destinations are recorded in an outpatient map (Form F 25) and procedural magazine (Form F 044U).
Before and after the procedure, it is mandatory to diagnose its results using major and special definitions.

a) Main definitions : body temperature, blood pressure and pulse, weight.
b) Special criteria : Testing a leather turgora, study of the type of skin, test for the detection of cellulite, bacterioscopic examination for acne (acne), determining the BMI (body mass index).

The history of cosmetology has at least twenty thousand years. The art of decorating his face and body dates back to prehistoric times - and in antiquity and men, and women used cosmetics equally.

The initial evidence of the use of cosmetics belongs, as is neither striking, to the glacial period. The first steps in the art of decorating themselves mankind has made in the caves of the Stone Age. These experiments just boiled down to paint the body and face and attempts to somehow adapt to her shell or pebbles.

The ideas about the decoration of the face and the bodies in each people were very peculiar. The study of funds and techniques to improve the appearance practiced in ancient times is able to plunge us into deep bewilderment, scare or needed. And also, no matter how paradoxically, you can teach a lot. Indeed, often the discoveries of modern science only confirm what our ancestors reached the intuitive way. And today today the fashion of the past centuries seems to us as strange, it served the same goals as modern cosmetics, to decorate, hiding shortcomings and emphasizing what is considered beautiful.

In the origins of cosmetology there are common sense and functionality. It all began with awareness of the need for personal hygiene, ritual coloring and desire to stand out.

The cradle of cosmetics is considered an ancient Egypt, where cosmetics were known more than 4,000 years ago. The first cosmetics guide was discovered in Egypt and was drawn up with a cleaner. Not so long ago, Italian scientists found the remnants of the perfume factory of this queen. Cleopatra and her contemporaries-Egyptians stained their hair and used various incense based on natural substances and herbs. When excavations, the "Cosmetic Cabinet" was discovered, which belonged to the Egyptian Queen Hatshepsut. And the best specialists in cosmetics were priests. They were the keepers of the recipes for the manufacture of paints, essential oils and incense. I managed to restore almost two hundred such recipes. In the tombs of ancient graves, vessels with ointments and various incense, containing incense, Mirrier, Pink and Lavender oil were found. Already then, cosmetics were used both in therapeutic and purely decorative purposes.

The fashion of Egyptian beauties reached this day - to lengthen the eyes with the help of a dark line along the century towards the temple. Egyptians used for this poisonous-green pencil from a broken malachite, later a black paint from a burning ivory and charcoal. Summing up not only by women, but also men prevented the inflammation of the eyelids from the blinding sun and dry wind. One of the most ancient recipes of toilet water in the world, the composition of which was composed of the aromas of Mirra, Aira, Juniper, cypress, coriander, mint and honey was preserved. The anise, cedar, cumin, grapes, and even onions and garlic also used the ancient Egyptians. The first written document containing a list of a kind of cosmetic rules is found in one of the Egyptian tomb. It was a recipe-giant, added 1500 years before. e. Prieses on a papyrus about 21 meters long. Papyrus contained a number of cosmetic recipes: how to smooth out wrinkles, paint hair, strengthen their growth, remove warts, etc. Some of the recipes given in this papyrus have not lost their meaning and now.

Egypt was obviously one of the first, but by no means the only country where people learned to produce and apply cosmetics. Widespread use of cosmetics also received in the countries of the Ancient East. In ancient Persia, using plants, made dishung oils, ointments, paints. Such well-known vegetable cosmetics, such as Henna and Basma, are immigrants from ancient Persia. In the ancient east, the art of face and body decoration has reached highest Development. The set of cosmetic means of the Eastern woman included seven decorative means: henna, bass, nail paint, Belil, blush, antimony, aromatic mixtures. Women of ancient India ink eyebrows, painted eyelashes, golden lips and covered brown paint teeth. Strictly speaking, spirits in the modern understanding of this word neither Egypt, nor Greece, nor subsequently Rome, have not yet known. Perfumes created Arabic alchemists who have opened the effective and applied method for obtaining essential oil With the help of steam distillation.

In ancient China adult woman It should have been very painful: there was a lot of black eyebrows on the face, the black eyebrows in the form of an arc, the teeth coated with a golden mixture, which gave them a characteristic shine. Women did not regret forces and means of cosmetics, which they used very actively. To look exquisite, women from the highest society covered the face rice powder, and the cheeks - blush, painted the lips of the lipstick "ripe cherry". About natural and " day Makeup"There was no speech in ancient China, especially those of those Chinese women who grew in the aristocratic environment. Those who are simpler, who tried to keep up with them and found everything necessary in natural cosmetics, the benefit of it was available at all times. In ancient China women Since childhood, the rules for applying cosmetics, the ability to use blushes, Belils, ink was trained. Cosmetics and tools there was the same abundance, as in Egypt, Rome and Greece.

Art Geish Japan and their makeup - century. Its origins start around 1600 BC. Classic kind of geisha - white face, red lips, dark eyes And laid hair. Japanese women were used to lipstick from wood wax, camellia seed oil, musk, camphor. Among the nobility, it was decided to fully chase eyebrows, draw green circles on the forehead.

The ideal of beauty that existed in ancient Japan was very distinguished from the current standards. There were no speech in the circles of higher aristocracy in the circles of the highest aristocracy. Women used cosmetics and did it very actively. Japanese beauties densely blenel the skin, making all the defects on the face and chest, the forehead on the edge of the hair was wrapped in mascara, the eyebrows were swamped and briefly painted short, thick black dashes instead. The hair was collected in a heavy high knot, which was supported by a long patterned wand. From about 12-14 years, after passing a special rite, the girls began to black their teeth.

Since then, there has changed a lot, did not avoid the influence of the new time and the idea of \u200b\u200bbeauty - now Japanese, like Western beauties, on the contrary, strive for the absolute whiteness of the teeth. But still an extraordinary survivability in Japan national traditions makes itself felt in the resistance of the canons of beauty and, as a result, in preferences to certain types of cosmetics: Porcelain whiteness of the skin of the face is still in Favor, and precisely the cosmetics lines are especially popular in Japan and This day.

Despite the fact that Greek mythology attributes to the invention to maintain the beauty of the goddess Aphrodite, and their distribution - Elena is a beautiful, familiarity with the Greeks cosmetics are obliged to the Pharaoh's empire. In ancient Eldead, the cult of the beauty of the human body reached its apogee. The Greeks were introduced into the use of the word "cosmetics", which means "art decorating". History Ancient Greece Also introduces us to the emergence of the science "Cosmetology". In ancient Greece and Rome, slaves who were engaged in the decoration of the body and the face of women were called cosmets. It was treated for the help of a woman who would like to dispire cosmetic shortcomings with some kind of silent, rims and reminiscent of modern male mixes. Some components of these recipes and are understood in cosmetology. However, we emphasize that cosmetics are not only decorative, but also therapeutic agents. In Greece, there were qualified perfumers who were preparing cosmetic drugs on special recipes. This also engaged in very famous people. For example, beautiful spirits were composed of the Greek theophrast from the city of Eaven (372-287 BC), the founder of the science of Botany, the student of Aristotle. The father of medicine Hippocrat wrote in the Cosmetology of Writing in four volumes, where it was said about the cosmetic shortcomings and well-known cosmetics. In his writings, you can find tips and recipes for women with faded skin, the means to eliminate the smell of the nose, mouth, the compositions for cleaning the teeth, to mitigate the skin and eliminate pigment spots Persons, as well as a huge number of other cosmetic recipes.

Cosmetics got the greatest flourishing in ancient Rome. The Romans, with his characteristic circumstance, took care of cosmetics seriously in the first century. E .. Pliny Sr. described in detail the cosmetics that the Romans used every day: cleaning and moisturizing lotion of almond oil with milk, lead leather for face, special hair soap, painting them in red color, as well as dental powder cooked from pembi And crushed horns. In particular, he wrote: "Little snails dried in the sun on the tiles, then unwrapped in powder and divorced decoction of beans, are an excellent cosmetic tool that makes skin white and gentle." The famous Roman doctor Galen (about 130-200 g. E.) Left the descendants scientific works dedicated to cosmetics. He is the author of the first systematic cosmetics textbook. In his works, Galen highlighted cosmetics with the goal of masking cosmetic flaws (i.e. maker) and cosmetics to preserve natural beauty, emphasizing the connection between cosmetics and medicine. Galen was proposed a recipe for cooling ointment, which became a prototype of a cream with a cooling effect.

Numerous cosmetic recipes They are given in the work "Canon of Medical Science", written by the famous doctor and scientist Avicenna. He not only developed the diagnosis and methodology for the treatment of cosmetic skin diseases, but also proposed preventive measures to prevent them. Avicenna believed that many cosmetic flaws of the skin are associated with the general condition of the body.

In the Middle Ages in Europe, the development of cosmetics slowed down, as the church pursued those who tried to care for their sinful body. But in the era of the Renaissance by the XVI century, she again gained widespread in Europe, although he had more decorative than therapeutic character - people began to rumbling cheeks, painting her lips, eyebrows, eyelashes and thick sprinkle their wigs.

In the XVI century in fashion, along with high hairstyles, there was a pale leather, a strong blush, contrasting with the skin, and all kinds of flies and moles. This fashion explained quite simply: the rapidly raging at this time did not spare anyone, and each woman had some kind of skin defects that needed somehow hide.

By the XVII century, the powder became especially popular. It was mixed with egg squirrel and applied on her face a very thick layer - the thicker, the better. Queen of England Elizabeth I drew on the layer of powder vessels of the face to emphasize (symit, of course) the transparency of the skin. A little later, flies appeared - pieces of black and red plaster, which covered aposle on the face. In the XVIII century, false eyebrows made of slices of mouse skins. For the cheeks lay cork balls to emphasize the roundness of the face. Even very young faces that do not need any decorations were decorated with belly and blush.

From the middle of the XVIII century. Cosmetics began to develop as modern science - the era of scientific research in the cosmetic region began. It was then that the King of France instructed the Academy of Sciences to find out how safe for the health of the blush and other cosmetics. This was a famous chemist of that time Antoine Lavoisier. Later, slender rows of cosmetics replenished shampoo - about a century ago in Germany Hans Schwarzkopf offered first powder detergentFinally, in 1933, a prototype of modern shampoo was created - a belonging means for washing the hair.

Information about the use of cosmetics in Russia we draw from writing sources. One of these evidence is written in the 1930s of the XII century by the granddaughter Vladimir Monomakh Zoe (Eupraxia) an essay called "Ointment". In it, along with information about various diseases and methods of treatment, tips on body care, recipes from dandruff, means from evil smell of mouth and for cleaning teeth. Plants known to our distant ancestors were successfully applied and later. The popular magazine "Economic Store", which was published in Russia since 1780, printed numerous exterior care tips, recommended all sorts of cosmetics, for example, a decoction from Sorochinsky millet, who needed every evening to wash her face, agents from pigment spots - Camfar, Mirra, etc. In Russia, namely, in Moscow at the end of the XVIII century, the merchant K.P. GIC opens the first perfume and cosmetic factory. In the middle of the XIX century, such factories are already somewhat: Brocar, Roll (now "Freedom") and others. In 1908, a circular was adopted in Russia, which giving the right to care for the face and body only graduates of massage schools and medical gymnastics.

From the middle of the XIX century, the Russian cosmetic industry has become actively developing.

Cosmetology as a separate direction medical activities Came to Russia in the XX century. This documenant science did its first steps in 1930, when the first "Cabinet of Medical Cosmetics" was opened in Moscow, which, expanding, by 1968 turned into a "Institute of Beauty". And in 1937, by order of the drug industry addict, A. Mikoyan in Moscow was created "Institute of Cosmetics and Hygiene of the Nadarfühmerprom", reorganized in 1966 in the Moscow Research Institute of Cosmetology, and later - to "Institute plastic surgery and cosmetology. " In Leningrad in 1961 was opened " Cosmetology polyclinic No. 84 ", which in everyday life became known as the Institute of Beauty. She was located in the house of Prince M.V. Kochubey on the boulevard of trade unions, now Connogvardeisk, house 7, and its predecessors were branches in the Maksimillian hospital, urban hospital number 28 and urban clinic number 81. Now the "firstborn" in our city is known as the "Gorokhova Institute", 6.

Perhaps it is from the 60s of the last century that the Russian cosmetology began to truly become on his feet.

Today, cosmetology unites scientific achievements of dermatology, biology, microbiology, chemistry, nutrition, hygiene and other medical disciplines in order to maintain a healthy condition of the skin, hair and nails, as well as correction of cosmetic disadvantages of both the face and shapes.

Cosmetology is also called the direction in applied aesthetics, whose specialists with the help of a whole arsenal of modern equipment, innovative methods, medical preparations and cosmetic drugs are engaged in the formation of a harmonious image of a person in accordance with the modern understanding of beauty.

Cosmetology, not without reason, is called science, art or independent area of \u200b\u200bmedicine. All these definitions are correct, and yet none of them exhaust the concepts of "modern", in which two directions are distinguished - aesthetic and medical (medical). Aesthetic cosmetology helps to carry out full care Behind the skin, hide the shortcomings of appearance, emphasize the beauty of a person, with the object of its attention are people with practically healthy skin. Practitioners in this area can doctors cosmetologists, or aestheticists who do not have higher medical education. Aesthetists can not engage in medical manipulations that disturb the integrity of the skin (contour plastic, mesotherapy, injection of botulinum, medium and deep peels, laser grinding etc), treat dermatological diseases, write out medications. All these directions require serious medical trainingand they are engaged in medical medical cosmetology. For a long time, disputes on the right to exist a separate specialty - a cosmetologist, generally accepted the profession of a dermatocosmetologist, which was represented by dermatovenerologists, who received special training in cosmetology.

Since July 2009, the specialty "Cosmetology" is officially approved by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and is included in the state nomenclature of medical specialties. The work of a cosmetologist requires him not only knowledge of the basic specialty - dermatology, but also the development of traditional and innovative physiotherapy methods and skills of solving aesthetic problems with the help of modern equipment, awareness of the latest achievements in the field of restorative medicine, gynecology and endocrinology, dietology, gerontology , the so-called medicine of anti-stations and, of course, psychology. Increasingly k. doctors-cosmetologists Patients come with the desire to suspend aging processes, level signs age-related changes. Solving aesthetic and purely medical challenges associated with the appearance of a person, a beautician, a cosmetologist can increase its self-esteem, get rid of complexes and other problems in communicating with the outside world, and therefore improve the quality of his life.

At the turn of the twentieth XXHI centuries, cosmetology received a new impetus in the development, which is associated with the expansion of hardware features. Large companies in the production of medical equipment and drugs began to pay attention to it as a branch of medicine. As from the horns of abundance, new devices and methods of impact on the skin of the face and body, which have not previously been used are not used: radio wave (RF) lifting, various types of lasers - starting with CO2 and ending with neodymium, iridium, cold, etc., focused Ultrasonic effects with the formation of necrosis areas at the SMAS level, ultrasonic effects with the effect of cavitation, exposure to light energy with different wavelengths - for epilation, laser rejuvenation, sclerosising of small vessels, devices for local cryoilipolysis, the use of microplasma technology in cosmetology, as well as the combined use of the above methods, often in one device, which in some cases leads to their synergies.

And, which is important, some methods have found use in plastic surgery, such as RF and lasers. Their use made it possible to make operational interventions less invasive, reduce the rehabilitation time after the operation and achieve better results.

But pharmacology does not stand still. Take, for example, Fillers - at the dawn of their appearance used silicone-based preparations and other non-absorbable gels, which ultimately led to a set side Effects, both cosmetic and harm to health. Permanent progress in this area gave us a whole line of drugs based on hyaluronic acid - First not stable, and subsequently stabilized, which made it possible to achieve a more resistant effect from the use of fillers. And now the next step is being done in this area - new biodegradable components are used in filler - polycaprolacton (PPC) and carboxymethyl cellulose, which led to a significant increase in the effective life of the biodegradable filler in tissues - up to 4 years. Unlike gels based on a stabilized hyaluronic acid, which is about 1 year.

New drugs for mesotherapy are also appear - hydrophtides that affect the synthesis of collagen and operate at the cellular level, as well as on the verge of therapy and surgery - threads for skin suspenders, with special notches made by the laser - as polypropylene, which can remain in tissues for a long time and completely biodegradable, based on lactic acid.

All new items that appear in therapeutic cosmetology can be told infinitely long, but most importantly - they allow less resorting to the plastic surgeon scalpel. And today, this is the most positive feature of constantly developing therapeutic cosmetology!

Khachaturian M.R. Chief Physician of the Beauty Institute for Pea

Ministry of Education R.F.

Science Department of Science at the Tyumen Region Administration

Lyceum No. 13.

Written examination

Topic: High "Nail Art"

Profession: Manicyursha

Performed: Zimina N.V.

Checked: Lieberman L.V.

Tyumen 2003

Introduction 2.

From the history of manicure 3

Professional ethics 4.

Hygiene in cosmetic salon 6

High "Nale Art" 9

Drawing techniques 10

"Marble Technique" 11

Weave Technique 12.

Nail Design Technique using decorations 16

Adhesive decorations 16.

Nail piercing 16.

Nail design in combination with tattoo 17

List of references used 18

Introduction

How correctly noticed the great classic: "You can be a little man and think about the glory of nails." What do our hands and nails say? About many things. Neither careful makeup nor an elegant hairstyle, nor an expensive dress compensate for unsembly nails with waxed lacquer. Shaking hand when meeting, you give yourself a complete characteristic, hands - this is your business card. The cracked laying nails give a painful state and cause uncertainty with themselves. Healthy beautiful nails demonstrate your excellent well-being that causes respect for others.

In order to look young and well-groomed, your hands require more attention than skin of any other part of the body. After all, under the skin of the hands there are not so many fat cells, as under the skin of the face and body, and they are the first to give out our age. Most leading Western firms working in the field of manicure services have long abandoned the traditional manicure, in which the coronary skin is cut off. Damage to the lively tissue, which occurs, can lead to infection, the formation of Panaritia and sowing. Moreover, good view Such a manicure retains no more than 5-6 days. Unfortunately, not everyone is given from nature. Only some lucky lucky to be born with beautiful and strong nails. But, you should not be upset, the solution to the problem is found.

From the history of manicure

Manicure has more than a millennial history. Already in ancient Egypt, the nails were stained with henna and various vegetable dyes. Women of noble origin even existed special "sets for manicure." Manicure technique in the east cultivated hundreds of years, but in Europe he became popular only in the XIX century, then he came to Russia. Moreover, Zano followed by their hands, not only women, but also men. Baths, massages, special polishing tools made hands with lungs and well-groomed, and nails - smooth and shiny.

For a long time, manicure was the prerogative of wealthy people, business card their accessories to the highest sections of society. Now the manicure is available to everyone, and any woman can allocate at least an hour a week for this procedure.

Twenty years ago, a great discovery was made in the World Beauty Industry. It happened in America. The company producing components for porcelain teeth appeared new buyers - manicure. It turned out that these components are suitable for the formation of artificial nails. The owners of the company quickly oriented and created a special laboratory to adapt their products for new purposes. Today, artificial nails are fashionable and popular. In the US, where they first appeared, they are 90 percent of the Americans. There are several different nail formation technologies. The light method, the presentation of which took place in Germany in 1985 - one of the most popular and harmless to natural nails.

Another popular method - nails from acrylic powder american firm OPI. The company OPI C 1952 created and improved technology for the production of dental sealing materials. In 1981, responding to the requirements of time, the company's specialists proposed four technologies for the formation of artificial nails, which were obtained by US patents.

Professional ethics

Human relationships are built on the knowledge of the psychology of other people. Your professionalism is manifested in self-esteem, ownership of the specialty and in relation to those surrounding.

Good habits and traditions in the time of learning are laid by the foundation of a successful career. Here are some rules, the observance of which will help you gain self-confidence and work successfully.

1. The client should be welcomed by a personally polite tone. Contact it by name only when he wishes it.

2. Be polite and courtesy. It's very important if you want to have permanent customers.

3. Take into account the customer's mood. Someone like to clutch and relax, others love to talk. Come on to listen and maintain a conversation for the client of the topic. Never gossip and do not tell the history of dubious content.

4. Carefully choose the themes for the conversation. A pleasant conversation helps to establish friendships.

5. Ability to create a pleasant impression about yourself - an integral part of good work. Customers trust the master who looks good, as it seems to demonstrate his capabilities. Never forget about it!

6. Relieve a sense of self-esteem.

7. Show interest in client preferences and sincere attention to it. Chatting, look at him, and completely focus on the conversation.

8. Show diplomaticism if disagreements arise for any questions.

9. Perform your work as much as possible. Improve your skills.

10. Be tacty, offering the client additional services or skin care products, nails.

11. You should always know about updates in the market of goods and services in the field of cosmetology and is quite unobtrusive to offer them to customers.

12. In case of disagreements, deal in the situation immediately.

13. The client must be sure that you keep all the sanitary standards.

14. You need to know the laws, rules and instructions in force in your industry and comply with them.

Hygiene in the cosmetic salon

Masters and customers of household services are daily subjected to most infection risks. therefore great importance It is necessary to devote hygiene of the cosmetic salon.

Single-celled vegetable microorganisms that are visible only under a microscope are characterized by a huge variety of species that can exist in the most different conditions. These include bacteria, microscopic mushrooms, viruses, etc.

In order to deal with infections, bacteria and viruses, you need to know how they fall into the salon. The following possible ways of their penetration are exist:

1. Dirty tool. Microbes feel very well on dirty saws, napkins, tools and table.

2. Dirty hands and nails of customers. Each client coming into the cabin can bring a whole bouquet of bacteria.

3. You and your colleagues who are currently colder, sneeze and cough.

4. Absadines and cuts on your hands and hands of customers.

5. Objects through which pollution occurs. This is primarily door handles, towels, chairs, table, and indeed all interior items located in your salon.

There are two salon cleaning methods: sterilization and disinfection.

Sterilization - Complete purification from microorganisms of various substances, animals, human, tools. Disinfection - This is a set of measures to destroy pathogens of infectious diseases.

From the above definitions, it can be concluded that sterilization is possible and must be subjected to all tools and devices that are used during manicure. During the processing of the cuticle with forceps or manicure scissors there is always the likelihood of skin cut. Blood infected client hits the tool. Not compliance with the rules of its processing can lead to the fact that the virus from the tool will enter the skin of the next client and will cause its infection.

The main methods of disinfection are:

· Chemical (processed items are placed in an antiseptic solution, which are chlorine, alamineol, septodor, 96% ethyl alcohol, quaster's liquid, disinfection solution).

· Ionizing radiation (mainly ultraviolet rays).

Currently, all of the above cleaning methods are applied in the salons. However, it should be noted that before performing sterilization, all the tools are necessary to pre-wash in warm running water with soap or similar drug, dry dry and then subjected to one of the types of processing. In cosmetic salons there is a large number of tools, items and equipment that do not require such rigid processing. The main method of disinfection in the cabin is wet disinfection, i.e. Processing of objects with a disinfectant solution. As such drugs, aqueous solutions of chemicals can be used, namely, a 1% chlorine solution. For successful struggle with bacteria and microbes in the cabin, the following activities must be carried out:

· Each salon master must have means for disinfection and be able to use them correctly;

· Conduct the processing of the workplace and the tool after each client;

· Store all processed tools, towel, napkins in sterile trays;

· Towels, napkins wash at a temperature of at least 90 0 s, and then thoroughly iron and put into the sterilizer for processing ultraviolet rays. Since the methods of complete disinfection of the napkins are too complicated, it is better to give preference to disposable napkins;

· Have good ventilation in the cabin;

· Use only saws that can be subjected to disinfection;

· Wash your hands after customers;

· Working with clients in gloves, if he has open wounds in his hands (refers to cuts, abrasions, etc.);

· Immediately remove the used dirty tool from the table;

· It is advisable to use the device for sterilizing tools;

· To prevent customer service, suffering from infectious skin diseases, in a correct form, send them to a doctor to a dermatologist.

High "Nale Art"

Basic tools for Nail Art. To embody your fantasy on the nails, you may need:

1. Flat brush - for nail primer (choose such that would be a little more than our nail).

2. Tassels of different thickness - to apply thin lines.

3. Tassels with a tip of foam (Color Sheiner) for applying pictures.

4. Stencils for applying standard patterns - in case we want to decorate nails as quickly as possible.

5. Different adhesive ornaments or rhinestones.

6. Thin sticks or needles - for weave patterns on the nails, sequins, metal threads, pearls, skirts, small feathers.

7. Little Pintetics with flat ends - for the convenience of working with rhinestones.

8. Pistol-airbrush - for professionals or those who have already "sank hands": the airbrush is filled with water-soluble acrylic paint and has a small nozzle (0.2 mm), through which the paint is displayed. This professional tool for Nail Art allows you to create real works of art on the nails.

9. Lucky. For certain technician Nail Art, special varnishes are produced. But you can create excellent drawings and with the help of "ordinary" varnishes. For the base used persistent, basic colors color Gamma. Dense varnishes. For drawings - bright shiny varnishes.

10. Special fixers fixing drawings on nails.

Of course, all of the above is the perfect set for Nail Art. If you are not yet able to get everything necessary, do not be discouraged. Create bizarre drawings will help you simple techniques Nail design.

Two-color design It is difficult to call the design - then the whole fantasy comes down to a minimum: the nail is covered with varnish of two colors (Fig. 2).

Fig. 2. Options of two-color design

Spring - Time of Update, Freshness and Beauty!
Today we present to your attention to the interview with the chief doctor of the health and beauty clinics "Sofitel", a dermatocosmetologist Gazizova Elsa.

The health clinic and beauty "Sofitel" was founded in 1998. Keeping loyalty to its principles, the clinic has been achieving excellent results for many years.

Ufamama (mind): Why did you choose this profession? What attracted that it pleases you in it, what does griest?

Gazizova Elsa (E.): Each person chooses for himself one or another activity that it is optimally suitable for spirit and abilities that attracts it and inspires. The profession of a cosmetologist on one side is very demanding and responsible, but also grateful and interesting. My choice from the motives is to be in beauty and give it to people to stay young longer. It is very nice to see your regular customers in a mature age, which look at least 10 years younger than their peers.

Mind: from what age a woman should begin to take care of maintaining their beauty and youth, and how often should you visit the cosmetologist? For example, many are treated in Cosmetic clinics Ufa at the age of 40, when they become obvious signs of aging on the face.

G.E.: If we consider the rejuvenating salon procedures, they can start with 25 years, and the right home care is already needed with adolescence But, of course, it all depends on the individual features of the skin of the skin, from proper care for her, presence or absence harmful habits, climatic conditions. But still, general recommendations such:

1. Beginning with junior school age It is very important to teach the girl (and the boy!) To wash it right - pick up a gentle cosmetics for washing, teach the right direction of movements - from the center of the face to the peripherywithout stretching and not shifting the skin.

2. 12-16-25 years old - The time of the most active work of sebaceous glands, which often delivers trouble. In the case of oily and / or combined skin Again, the first place is correctly chosen to clean the skin of the face and cream, which regulates the work of sebaceous glands. 1-2 times a week Peeling and cleansing mask at home should be made.
With contaminated skin with a pronounced blockage, it is recommended to visit a beautician for the hygienic cleaning procedure of the face. Such cleaning is performed under the Cabinet Conditions after softening the skin mechanically in compliance with all the aseptic rules. How often do the face cleaning? The answer is to indicate, as the pores are contaminated, but no more than 1 time per monthOn average, 1 time in 3-6 months. The procedure is unpleasant, but, unfortunately, other methods of pores can not be released, the hardware techniques purify the pores very superficially and they are well used between sessions of mechanical cleaning of the face.
If there are a large number of closed comedones ( acne), then a dermatologist can prescribe medicines for their treatment, for example, retinoids of outdoor use, or skinoren. With purulent eels sometimes requires antibiotics. But all these preparations appoints a doctor after the survey required.

3. from 25 years old Cosmetic and hygienic massage courses 8-10 sessions 2 times a year, usually, in the fall and spring. From the same age, when normal skin Persons showing cream around the eyes in the morning and in the evening. And, of course, day and night cream on the type of leather.

4. from 32-5 years In a cosmetic office, more active means are connected to the massage - concentrates, various luxury procedures aimed at stimulating their own skin cells, fighting premature aging. Good hardware techniques - ultrasound, Microche, Ionophoresis. Chemical peelings do not lose their relevance.
Recommended intensive care courses 2 times a year, and between them - supporting care - massage, masks.
Perhaps the procedure biorevitalization - Injecting administration of hyaluronic acid (moisturizing gel) course 4-5 proceduresaccording to the scheme. Sometimes it is required mesotherapy - introduction to the dermis of vitamins, trace elements, humidifiers.

5. from 35 years old In the care products are injected phytoestrogens - vegetable analogs of female sex hormones. Relevant - chemical peelings, mesotherapy, biorevitalization, botulinum-cellin according to the testimony. A visit to the cosmetologist 1 time per weekfor massage, leaving procedures.

6. after 40 years The procedures include lifting ingredients. On visiting a cosmetic office - everything remains in force, simply procedures are becoming more and more active, "age". They can be strengthened with hardware techniques - laser rejuvenation, ultrasound, microcles.
Sometimes required contour plastic (also injections that strengthen the oval faces), Introduction phillerov (fillers) with deep folds (for example, nasolabial fold), to give swelling lips. Retinic (yellow) peeling courses in combination with mesotherapy is shown. From the sun, especially intense, it is better to refrain.
Recommended reception of phytoestrogen Inside, vitamins for the skin of the "imagine".

7. Surgeons believe that the first circular lift of the face can be done in 45 years. Sometimes enough blefaroplasty When omitting the upper eyelid. Good result is given mesoni, they can move the term of the plastic surgery.

8. And if you do not want to go to the surgeon? After 45-50 years, as they say, you can do everything! No one cancels intensive care with active ingredients. 3-4 times a year, good massage, competent mesotherapy, hardware cosmetology.

Mind: Do you often have to do "work on mistakes" for other specialists from this area? Recently, many cosmetologists appeared, offering their services not in the conditions of the clinic, but significantly cheaper. Also, they offer drugs for care and injections, arguing that this is the same as in clinics, but much cheaper.

G.E.: Not often, but happens especially after the "Home Miracle of Masters-Cosmetologists".
I want to protect our patients from visits " salons at home" It is important to make procedures in a clinic with a medical license, where, a priori, all drugs are certified, experts have a state diploma and regularly increase their qualifications

Mind: how to determine good cosmetologist? What should alert?

G.E.: Your acquaintance should start not from inspection of price list and messages about the number of visits, but with definitions of sources of your problem and choosing certain procedures to solve it. A good specialist will be interesting the history of your illness, sleep, lifestyle, genetic predisposition, physical activity, food and drugsthat you take. Also the doctor should be aware of your contraindications. The professional should have wide database, so on any of your questions he should give full and competent answers. The physico-psychological or tactile contact of the doctor with the patient is also important. If anything confuses you or somehow appeared negative consequences, it is worth abandoning the procedure and choose another doctor or other procedure. Everyone qualified cosmetologist Be sure to have higher Professional Diploma For such a specialty, such as "Pediatrics" or "therapeutic case". Should consider that specialty "Cosmetologist" in medical universitiesTherefore, you should not believe the doctor who seemed to you a diploma with such a specialty. Not bad still pay attention to the office itself. Namely: the storage of drugs, the presence of certificates and modern equipment. Do not agree to home procedures, as no qualified specialist, even the most popular, will agree to the home injections. Note that harm to your health, which is deposited during the home procedure may be irreparable. Refuse a doctor who goes on you. A good specialist must first listen to you, analyze the situation, draw up your opinion and only then appoint the necessary treatment. If a beautician is not familiar with you, it is wiser to first make a minor and inexpensive procedure that will allow evaluate the degree of professionalism of the specialist. Competent treatment should not end on the salon visits. A good specialist is obliged to give recommendations on a lifestyle, as well as for home care to recommend to you who will arrange you and in quality, and at a price.

Mind: How does the mood and mental state affect the condition of his skin?

G.E.: The face reflects the general condition of the whole organism, so basic beauty rule - healthy image Life, proper nutrition, sincere equilibrium. Well, of course regular home care and coursework in the cabin.
Most women, noticing the first wrinkles on the skin, begin to immediately think about old age. And indeed, our leather after 30 yearsUnfortunately, it begins to change far from the best of the parties. First disappears freshness, appear mimic wrinkles, Then the smoothness and elasticity is lost, and our face begins to tremit its age.
But! As the research confirm, the first wrinkles, having age, should appear only in 60 years! Wrinkles and other bright age-related signs that appeared earlier - investigators sun and Stress. Much depends on the emotional state to preserve the youth of the skin as long as possible, it follows avoid depression, stressful states, unfortunate fears and excitement.

5 factors on which the skin's youth depends.

Mind: Tell us a little about the clinic "Soccer". What services do you offer? What is the characteristic feature of the institution in which you work, what is its credo? What is your advantageous advantage against the background of other clinics?

G.E.:Clinic "Sofitel" offers a full range of cosmetology services - this is rejuvenated by the skin of the face and body using manual and hardware techniques, the most modern injection Procedures, Nitee Lifting, Salon Care, Massages, Peelings, Professional Cases for Home CareAs well as the services of the Master of Manicure and Pedicure.
Our clinic this year marks 20 years since the opening. During this time we have accumulated a wealth of work experience and deserve love and respect for customers. Cosmetology is a rapidly developing area, "in the leg" we go with it and we. Clinic experts annually increase their professional level, visiting congresses and internationally symposia, training seminars and trainings, seasonal beauty industry exhibitions.

We are pleased to offer our patients with modern and efficient services of medical cosmetology!

Every day our skin is exposed large quantity Harmful influences: the sun, winds, frost and dust. Because of this, there are unpleasant rashes on the face (acne, comedones), as well as dryness and pigmentation. Hygienic cleaning of the face will help eliminate skin problems and will return her radiance and beauty.

Cosmetologists consider this procedure very important. In women (at any age), it is held more often than in men. Such cleaning is suitable for each type of skin. But first it is important to read about all the peculiarities of the hygienic cleaning of the face.

What you need to know about the cleaning of the face?

It is worth noting that after the first session, many unpleasant problems are eliminated on the skin. But this procedure Must be a mandatory face care program. A visit to the beautician will depend on the state of the skin. If it is dry - once every three or four months, oily - once a month. Fat / problematic face skin certainly requires frequent application of the procedure. Otherwise, in the greatest ducts will begin to accumulate dirt again, inflammation and rash will appear.

Varieties of the methods of hygienic cleaning of the face:

1. Chemical.
2. Mechanical.
3. Laser.
4. Ultrasonic.
5. Vacuum.

Technique of hygienic cleaning of the face (from acne, rigid plugs, acne, dryness, etc.)

Pigmentation, acne, acne and dryness are very frequent problems both among women and men. In cosmetology salons, it is proposed to competently and painlessly conduct an "operation" to eliminate all the unpleasant moments on the face. Such a procedure has several methods of execution: ranging from mechanical cleaning, ending with the use of new-fashioned equipment.

Mechanical

The procedure for such treatment of the skin (is more suitable for removing the acne rash) is carried out using sterilized tools: needle Vidal, Sitechko, Unwoofer. Mechanical cleaning can be suitable for sensitive skinSince the tools in the process do not injure the skin of the face.

After processing with special tonic, the skin is subjected to steam exposure. It is done with the help of a vaporizer or water bath. Next, the cosmetologist removes acne, acne and comedones. In the process of "operations", the specialist disinfects the processed area and the used tool to avoid the occurrence of infection. When cleansing ended, the beautician imposes a calming mask on the face. After removing the mask, the serum is applied to moisture.

Mechanical cleaning of the skin on the face of cosmetologists are recommended to transfer on weekends. All this is due to the fact that the skin is exposed to microhas and looks not well.

Chemical

Chemical peeling is made using substances containing a certain amount of acids (salicyl, glycolic and fruit). They are suitable under different type Skin cover. For normal, fruit acid is used, for oily - glycolic, for dry - salicylovaya.

The phase of hygienic cleaning of the face passes by destroying the top layer of the epidermis, along with this all rashes and inflammation disappear:

1. After the beautician removed the makeup and prepared the skin for the procedure, it puts the mask that contains fruit Acid. It will help heat the desired plot and protect from burns.
2. The specialist removes the mask and uses an active drug with an acid content that eliminates dead skin cells, rigorous tubes and acne.
3. Now turn a soothing mask. It narrows the pores and restore the processed skin.
4. The completion step in this process is to apply a special cream. The duration of cleaning the face does not take much time - about 20 minutes.

Laser

IN this method Cleaning applied a special device. With the help of a laser beam, it is directed to the skin. During the process, the top layer of the epidermis is burned, and new cells begin to grow on this place. Laser cleaning It consists of three main steps: preparing the skin of the face for the procedure (cleansing and demaciazh), short-term removal of the laser beam of problem areas, overlapping a soothing mask.

Reviews of the hygienic cleaning of the face with the help of the laser are as follows: updates the cells of the skin, makes the face elastic and elastic, eliminates the angry rash, comedones and even some scars and scars.

Ultrasonic

it modern technique Cleaning problem areas on the face with a special installation - ultrasonic scraple. The principle of action of the wave is provided by the massage effect on the skin. Due to this, the pores are revealed, blood circulation is improved.

Another plus: the breakdown of the person is not required, in contrast to the previous ways.

Step-by-step procedure plan:

1. To begin with the cleansing of the face with a special tonic, then the cosmetologist shall cause cream.
2. By visiting the problem zone, the specialist equips it with a lining and produces the process of exposure to ultrasound waves. As a result, salted ducts open and "dead" cells of the epidermis are removed.
3. To relax the skin, the beautician imposes a mask.
4. Then cream apply on the face again.

Vacuum

This type of hygienic facial cleaning includes a function. lymphatic drainage massage. All action takes place with the help of a vacuum apparatus, which draws the contents of the silent ducts due to the negative pressure.

Stages of this method are as follows:

1. Demacion and cleansing of the face.
2. Spreading pores using a vaporizer.
3. Then the cosmetologist drives a circular movement on the skin with a vacuum suction cup, removing all pollution.
4. Apply a calming mask for pore tag.
5. Face treatment ends when a specialist shall cause a moisturizing cream.

What is the usefulness of the procedure?

Cleaning the skin of the face performed by a professional (cosmetologist) is a process that has only one advantages:

1. Getting rid of dead cells.
2. Skin transformation: it becomes healthy and tightened.
3. Activating protective options for skin cover.
4. Elimination of dryness.
5. Removing acne and acne.
6. Smoothing wrinkles.
7. Noticeable face rejuvenation.

Is it possible to do peeling during pregnancy?

Women who are in position, can do hygienic treatment, but only without current use. For example, there is a way such as disinfecting, or conduct cleaning with the use of the Darsonval apparatus. Electrotics may adversely affect the health of a pregnant woman and lead to undesirable consequences.

The main thing, with the next planning of a visit to the cosmetologist, a woman should listen to its body. If well-being good and no unpleasant sensations During the procedure, it means that you can safely go to peeling.

Facial cleaning at home

It happens that a girl or a woman has no money or time to visit cosmetology salons. Why does she make cleaning independently.

But this should be carried out on all safety rules:

1. Use tools subject to sterile processing before the procedure.
2. If pain appeared, then it is necessary to stop cleaning the face.
3. Before starting "operations", skin must be unpiring to avoid injuries.
4. Upon completion of the procedure, the processed area should be disinfected by hydrogen peroxide.