Bradycardia in a pregnant woman on early. Sinus bradycardia heart: what is it? Bradycardia's diagnosis in pregnant

For a certain period of pregnancy, there is a heart heart rate rate. Bradycardia of the fetus in the early period of pregnancy entails complications of intrauterine development.

The heart rate (heart rate) in the infant must comply with normal indicators. The way out of these limits is threatened for further intrauterine development. Bradycardia of the fetus in the early periods of pregnancy is diagnosed less often than in late stages. Therefore, constant observation with the help of ultrasound becomes important during the maintenance of intrauterine development.

Causes of bradycardia of the fetus during pregnancy

Bradycardia of the embryo may arise for many reasons:

1. abuse of alcohol drinks;
2. smoking;
3. reception of potential medicinal preparations;
4. toxic environmental impact;
5. anemia;
6. stressful situations;
7. genetic malformations of development;
8. resh conflict;
9. premature aging placenta;
10. toxicosis, lowland or multi-way.

Candidial norm

• from 5 to 6 weeks you can control the heartbeat using the ultrasound. At this stage of heart rate, an average reaches 86 UD / min.
• for 14 weeks, the frequency reaches 156 shots, with a daily increase of 2-3 points.
• starting with the 15th and to the generic activity, the norm is considered from 140 to 160 impacts per minute. The decrease in the heart rate to 120 points to an acute lack of oxygen, hypoxia has begun in the infant. Bradycardia in the fetus is fixed with even lower indicators.

Types of reducing rhythm

There are two types of reduced heartbeat:

• basal - determined by frequency with parameters to 110 ° C / min. With timely diagnosis and after the start of compensatory therapy, it does not cause any serious complications. It does not rack due to reduced pressure in a woman or with intrauterine transmitting the baby's head.
• the decererinte species is caused by cardiac abbreviations up to 90 shots. The infant is noticeably lacking oxygen, there is a danger to the child's life and immediate treatment is required.

Bradycardia in early pregnancy - treatment

Pathology involves the use of compensating therapy, as well as additional security measures:

1. droppers with solutions of carboxylase and sodium bicarbonate;
2. glucose, sodium gluconate and ascorbic acid intravenously;
3. reception of iron-containing drugs for anemia;
4. adjusting the diet in favor of healthy food and refusal fried, smoked and salted;
5. an exception harmful habits.

Permanent control over the frequency of cardiac abbreviations of the child with ultrasound diagnosis, CTG and auscultation is carried out.

The identification of a reduced heart rate in the baby in the later dates, implies the use of a planned caesarean section.

In order to maximize the emergence of pathology, the child needs to normalize the day of the day, abandon alcohol and engage in moderate physical exertion. Walking on fresh air Must become a habit, and the reception of drugs should only be under the strict observation of the doctor.

In which the human pulse is abnormally slows down. Such a condition is dangerous for pregnant women and the fetus, which they carry, because the saturation of the brain oxygen depends on the heart rate of heart abbreviations.

Those who are going to start children is useful to learn about the types, reasons and diagnosis of bradycardia during pregnancy.

Safe bradycardia that does not affect the health of women and fetus, is called physiological. It is characteristic of those who actively live and engaged in sports. In addition, the heart rhythm slows naturally during the cold and during sleep.

In pregnant woman

The gentle of the pulse is up to 60 strikes per minute and below, threatening the health of a pregnant and future baby, is called pathological bradycardia. This state requires. It develops with unstable arterial pressure. The following cardiological illness can also be:

• myocardiodistrophia.

The pulse of the future mother can slow down due to the violation of the blood composition. The bradycardia of pregnant women lead the pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, various injuries, as well as the following diseases:

• hypothyroidism;
• tumors;
• infections;
• poisoning;
• renal failure.

Poda

The slowdown of the pulse in the embryo causes some medicines. The bradycardia leads a reserves-conflict - the incompatibility of the blood of a woman and the fetus along the rhesus factor. In addition, the violation of the heart rhythm in the embryo occurs for the following reasons:

• due to toxic medium;
• maternal anemia;
• mental overvoltage in pregnant women;
• malformations;
• early aging placenta;
• failure in the accumulation of ammunition.

Defense of the heart rhythm of the embryo can occur if pregnant smokes or drinks.

Pregnancy in patients with bradycardia

The condition of patients with an already detected illness can worsen after they become pregnant. In addition, the radiation of the heart rate of the woman will affect the embryo. Slow pulse in a potential mother leads to chronic embryo hypoxiaIn which the developing tissues lack oxygen. At the same time, the future child is lagging behind in development, his brain is formed incorrectly that in the worst cases threatens mental retardation.

To avoid unwanted consequences for yourself and the baby, women with bradycardia need to plan a pregnancy, taking into account the recommendations of the cardiologist. When entering the fetus, the patient should be observed with this specialist.

Pulse in the fetus is normal and with anomaly

The heart of the embryo begins to beat on the 21st day of development. For 3-5 weeks it is shrinking 75-85 times per minute. Over time, the pulse is studied, and after the formation nervous system Smoothly decreases. Normally, indicators are changed as follows:

1. At 5-6 week, the heart is reduced every minute, 80-100 times.
2. At 6-7 week, the pulse is close to 100-120 shocks per minute.
3. At 7-9 week, the heart rate reaches a peak - 140-190 blows every minute.
4. On 10-12 week, the pulse drops to 160-180 beats per minute.
5. After 3 months of pregnancy, the fetal pulse does not exceed 140-160 shots every minute.
6. By 9 months, the heart is reduced 130-140 times per minute.

The pathology of the fetus is diagnosed if 2 trimester pulse is less likely to 110-120 every minute shock.

Bradycardia of the fetus in the early and later dates

If on the 6-8 week of development and later the pulse of the embryo does not exceed 85 blows per minute, it is impossible not to brandycardia of the health of the fetus, but stop or malformations of development. In other cases, the regeneration of the heart rhythm of the fetus, which is happening in the early periods, is not considered pathology.

Bradycardia put only after 20 weeks of to wearIf the heart of the future kid is reduced less than 120 times per minute.

Types of embryonic disease

Three types of embryonic bradycardia are distinguished: basal, decelerant and sinus. Typically, these states are developing due to the hypoxia of the fetus arising from the following reasons:

• due to the compression of the head;
• due to maternal anemia;
• due to low pressure from the mother.

Basal bradycardium put if the heart of the embryo is reduced less frequently 120 times per minute. If you have to cure a failure in time and eliminate its cause, it will be possible to avoid harm for a woman and fetus.

With a decelerant impaired, the heart rate of the embryo does not exceed 72 beats per minute. This condition requires inpatient treatment with the beddown.

In the sinus form, the pulse of the embryo drops to 70-90 beats per minute. At the same time, a woman needs urgent hospitalization with intensive therapy and observation to the birth, because the failure threatens with a fading of pregnancy.

On the reasons of appearance of different agesAnd whether it is dangerous and what in this case do, we told in a separate material on our website.

How to reveal the slowdown of the heart?

Bradycardia mother and fetus manifests itself through the symptoms of oxygen starvation. Wherein Pregnant faces the following ailments:

• with weakness;
• with dizziness;
• with headache;
• with noise in the ears;
• with shortness of breath;
• reduced pressure;
• with pain in the chest.

Cognitive failures that are expressed in memory violations and attention are possible. A pre-corrosion state also indicates to the slow pulse.

Anomaly, which touched exclusively fruit, does not affect maternal well-being. It can be revealed only with modern methods diagnostics.

What will auscultation show?

After 18-20 weeks, each inspection of the obstetrician-gynecologist includes auscultation - listening to the heart of the embryo with a special stethoscope, a hollow tube of wood or metal. To hear the heartbeat of the future child, the doctor acts as follows:

1. Applies one end of a stethoscope to the belly of a pregnant woman and falls in the ear to another end of the device.
2. Finding a point in which the fetal heartbeat is clearly listened.
3. Curses a minute during which he considers heart blows of the fetus.

Minus auscultation in her inaccuracies: Diagnostics can prevent many factors, including maternal obesity and increased motor activity Fetal during examination.

Ultrasound of the heart

Instrumental methods such as ultrasound diagnosticsAllow more accurate research. At the same time, a special sensor is used, which is applied to the belly of a pregnant woman or introduced transvaginally. It transmits data to the screen that decrypts the specialist.

At a slow pulse, the following violations are indicated:

• slow motion of the embryo;
• convulsions;
• stop motion of the embryo.

Rare breathing or heartbeat, as well as their periodic stop, also testify to bradycardia. Ultrasound can be carried out with 3-5 weeks of pregnancy.

KTG and other diagnostic methods

Cardiotockography is used to diagnose with 32 weeks of pregnancy. The essence of the CTG is a record and comparison of the pulse of the future child with the frequency of uterine contractions. The results of the study are decoded as follows:

• 8-10 points - the state of the fetus is normal;
• 6-7 points - there is a light bradycardia;
• 6 points and less - fruit in severe condition.

Another effective method Deflect a non-union - phono electrocardiographyWhile recorded and analyzed the electropulses of the heart. This method is a combination of ECG with phonocardiography - listening to heart noise.

When are you resorted to the ECG?

The electrocardiogram is resorted if the pregnancy proceeds with violations or there is a threat of any anomalies. From the embryo side, the following readings are distinguished:

• developmental delay;
• heart pathology diagnosed earlier;
• suspusage of development pathology.

Conduct pregnant women who are over 38 years old or before they gave birth to children with defects. Also, the following testimony also exist from the mother:

• hypothyroidism;
• hyperthyroidism;
• diabetes;
• cardiovascular diseases;
• heavy infections.

The appearance of the P on the cardiogram, as well as the significant interval T-p and P-q appears on bradycardia. The most accurate data is obtained by conducting ECG on the 18-24 week of pregnancy.

Having found an arrhythmia from the future, find out its reasons. Focusing on them, make up the forecast and strategy for the treatment of the disease. The chronic diseases of the mother are trying to compensate, and with problems with the placenta, preparations are prescribed for stimulating the uterine-placental blood flow.

Severe conditions are treated inpatient, they are impossible natural childbirth and shown cesarean section.

At-risk groups

Those who suffer from chronic diseases are prone to bradycardia. The risk group also includes women living in conditions of physical or psychological discomfort.

To reduce the likelihood of complications when entering the child, it is necessary to monitor the flow of the background disease, abandon the bad habits and appeal to therapeutic physical education. Wherein required regular visits to the obstetrician-gynecologist and other specialized professionals.

Bradycardia can lead to the loss of pregnancy or death of a woman. So that this does not happen, future mothers should be carefully referring to their own health. A timely visit to the doctor and the correct diagnosis will allow you to identify the problem before it causes irreparable harm.

The period of pregnancy is normally 36 - 40 weeks. During the intrauterine development, the heart begins to form approximately 3-4 weeks. Listen to the heartbeat of the embryo using instrumental methods can only from 6 weeks. However, bradycardia in the fetal during pregnancy is better listened to the II or III trimesters. For greater understanding of the reasons, the principles of the course of the disease will analyze a brief information on the intrauterine life of the future child.

Future development

From the first weeks, the embryo is powered by maternal blood, which enters through the placenta, firmly woven into the structure of the uterus. From there they originate its vessels. Due to the presence of an amniotic bag with liquid in the uterine cavity, the fruit is protected from the effect of the external environment. This contributes to the normal and physiological development of all vital organs, especially the heart.

The heart has 4 cameras, each of them pushed blood into the vessels. The first trimester is the formation of the organ and all its structures. It is this period that is considered critically important, since any negative effect on the fetus can lead to the development of heart defect. Cardiac frequency varies on different timing pregnancy. Normal values \u200b\u200bare as follows:

• I trimester - 80 - 170 beats per minute;
• ІІ trimester - 120 - 160 beats per minute;
• III trimester - 120 - 150 beats per minute.

In bradycardia, the fetal in the early deadlines, the heart rate drops less than 120 shots / minutes. Tachycardia "gives" a similar indicator more than 170 shots / minutes. Stable values \u200b\u200bof the fetal heartbeat in the II and III trimester is the full development of the nervous system generating and regulating the receipt of pulses to the heart.

Causes of pathology

So what are the reasons for bradycardia of the fetus? For 18 - 20 week, a woman hears the movement of a child. His heartbeat detect additional tools. Influence the intrauterine development of the fetus many factors. The reasons for the emergence of bradycardia in the fetus are as follows:

• the presence of bad habits, such as smoking, drinking alcohol and energy drinks;
• reception of contraceptives, especially when pregnancy;
• injuries in the first trimester, broken the blood supply to the embryo;
• operational interventions: acute appendicitis, fractures of the limbs.

This is an incomplete list of causes of pathology development pathologies, but only the fundamental of them. In the first month of the development of the embryo, it is important to limit any influence on it. During this period, the essential systems of the body (heart, nervous, digestive, endocrine) are formed. Any negative impact of the embryo leads to a congenital definition of development. Long-term bradycardia subsequently becomes the cause of insufficient saturation of the embryo with oxygen, which is unsafe and requires treatment.

Nature shaped a protective barrier for a child in the form of a placenta and an amniotic bag with liquid. They impede hitting harmful substances In the body of the fetus. But there are many reasons affecting the cardiovascular system, bringing bradycardia. Among such factors, the following can be distinguished:

• congenital malformations of the heart - Triad and Tetrad Fallo;
• toxicosis of pregnant women are pathological conditions that arise as a reaction to the fetal life in the mother's womb. It is characterized by nausea, constant vomiting, sometimes pain in the belly of the mother. Disappear immediately after delivery;
• chronic pregnant diseases;
• resh conflict, which can even lead to a pregnancy interrupt;
• malovodye or multi-way;
• whipping cords around the neck of the fetus;
• placental insufficiency in which the child does not receive in full nutrients and oxygen;
• defective nutrition of mother, compliance with church posts;
• constant stress;

This period of pregnancy is important for the development of all systems of the future organism and preparation for childbirth. Long-term bradycardia contributes to the hypoxia of the brain, which entails irreparable consequences, up to the fatal outcome or disability of the future child, unnecessary treatment. Early deadlines - time capable of provoking spontaneous interruption of pregnancy.

Diagnosis of bradycardia

A pregnant woman should be registered with the gynecologist up to 12 weeks of pregnancy. There are a number of surveys, which must be carried out according to the schedule. Some types of diagnostics are carried out no more than 2 - 3 times over the entire period. If there is no pathology or suspected, the spectrum of surveys can be expanded. Bradycardia of the fetus is easy to detect using the following methods:

1. Phonoelectrocardiography. Method combining ECG, which records electrical heart pulses and phonocardiography, which registers sound phenomena. This allows you to determine the frequency and rhythm of heart abbreviations, characterize cardiac tones or identify additional pathological noises.
2. Cardiography. This method allows you to make a synchronous recording of the fetal heartbeat and cutting cuts. It is carried out with the help of a cardiotocographer from 32 weeks of pregnancy. The device is attached to the belly of a pregnant or introduced into the vagina. This method makes it possible to assess the nature of the heart activities of the fetus, its motor abilities and the contractile possibility of the uterus.
3. Ultrasound examination. During the pregnancy period, a woman must execute this examination three times. Screening method allows you to determine the size of the fetus, carefully examine its structure internal organs. During the survey, the heart with own ventricles and valves, head with structural components of the brain, bone tissue, are clearly visible. You can still determine the frequency of heart abbreviations.
4. Auscultation. A simple, affordable method used by all obstetres and gynecologists when examining a pregnant woman. An ordinary phonedoscope or a special gynecological stethoscope determines the position of the fetus in the uterus. Then, in the most advantageous position, the heartset is heard. Sometimes it is impossible to determine due to a multi-water, cross-pregnancy, frozen pregnancy.

By classification, the bradycardia of the fetus is two types depending on the frequency of heart abbreviations. With basal bradycardia, heartbeat at the level of 110 beats per minute. Its timely identification and treatment does not lead to malformations. Determan bradycardia is accompanied by a significant decrease in heart rate to 90 per minute. Such a long condition leads to hypoxia of the fetus and irreversible consequences for the future child.

Treatment

Treatment of bradycardia of the fetus in the early periods must be started with conservative methods. Episodes of a long-term reduction in the frequency of heart cuts in the I trimester can provoke an abortion. In this case, the woman should go to preserve the hospital, to be examined. Drug therapy is reduced to the intravenous administration of drugs such as magnesium sulfate, papaverin, glucose. After that, it is necessary to control the heart activities of the fetus using the ultrasound, take prevention measures.

Prolonged bradycardia in late pregnancy can cause premature childbirth, abortion, discontinuation of the placenta, intrauterine death fetal. Treatment begin immediately. A woman is hospitalized in the department of pregnant pathology. Comprehensive treatment includes medical physical education, Reflexotherapy, receiving medicines. Intravenously entered.

Fedorov Leonid Grigorievich

Even in the case of small deviations from the norm, the future mother must constantly be under the supervision of the doctor. With too low frequency of heart cuts, the fetus is important to comply with all its prescriptions.

In most cases, hospitalization and treatment are needed in hospital.

If the problem arose to late time, and the intrauterine development of the embryo proceeds without deviations, then a cesarean cross section is recommended as a method.

If the ultrasound showed a deterioration in the work of the heart in the fetus, slowing or stopping the movement, the presence of sharp respiratory movements and convulsion, the woman should:

1. Fully abandon bad habits.
2. Normalize lifestyle.
3. Use the vitamin and mineral complexes selected by the doctor.
4. Drink teas and tincture based on medicinal plants.
5. Take selected medicines.

In each case, separate methods for solving the problem are prescribed.

Prevention measures

To prevent any violations in the development of the embryo, you should pay more attention:

1. Pregnancy planning.
2. Treatment of chronic diseases before conception.
3. Healthy image Life.
4. Walking outdoors.
5. Use of vitamins and minerals.
6. Regular rest.
7. Eliminate stress and physical exertion.
8. The passage of preventive inspections.

It is much easier to try to avoid bradycardia than to eliminate it. Thanks to compliance with uncomplicated recommendations, it is possible to successfully endure and give birth to a completely healthy child.

Preventive measures allow us to avoid bradycardia's development and eliminate the pathological process at the initial stages of formation. With this, it is also possible to reduce the likelihood of anomalies in the development of the fetus.